Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a bioactive bone substitute used in biomedical applications. One approach to use HA for bone implant application is to coat it on titanium (Ti) implant. However, adhesion of HA on Ti is major concern for their long-term use in orthopedic implants. To enhance the adhesion strength of HA coating on titanium (Ti), the surface of the Ti was anodized and alkaline pretreated prior to coating on Ti by electrodeposition. Alkaline pretreatment of titanium dioxide nanotubes (ATi) accelerated the formation of HA, which mimicked the features and structure of natural bone tissue. Nanostructured HA formed on the ATi and pretreated ATi (P-ATi), unlike on conventional Ti. This study is the first to show that the bonding of HA coating to a P-ATi substrate was stronger than those of HA coating to Ti and to ATi. The preosteoblast response tests were also conducted. The results indicated that HA coating improved preosteoblast proliferation after 3 days in standard cell culture.
Statistical modeling of the dip-spin coating process to describe colloidal PTFE dispersion coating on the external surface of a small diameter hollow tube was developed by using 2 4 factorial design with a center point to predict the coating thickness in a range of 4-10 m. The coating parameters included viscosity, withdrawal rate, spin speed, and immersion time. The adequacy of the predicted model was verified by coefficients of determination and lack-of-fit test. Model accuracy was verified by comparing predicted values with experimental results. The significant interaction effects on the coating thickness were three-way interaction among withdrawal rate, spin speed, and immersion time and two-way interactions between viscosity and withdrawal rate, viscosity and spin speed, and viscosity and immersion time. Cube plot for coating thickness reveals a trend of increasing coating thickness towards high levels of viscosity, withdrawal rate, and immersion time and lower level of spin speed.
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