Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between performance barriers and competency, and implementation of an expanded public health role for community pharmacists. , Methods: A validated questionnaire was utilized for this study whereby 3 variables of the study (performance barriers, competency and public health role) were measured using a 5-point Likert scale. Three hundred questionnaires were distributed to target respondents of registered community pharmacies in 5 states (Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, Perak and Penang) in Malaysia. The data were analysed utilizing the principles of structural equation modelling.Results: There were 191 completed and usable responses received, which represented a 66.7% response rate. This study showed perceived competency had a direct relationship with delivering a general public health role. A perceived lack of competency was shown to be a barrier to fulfilling a public health role. However, other factors, such as design of premises, IT infrastructure and pay, were not viewed as barriers to carrying out a public health role. Conclusion:Perceived competency is an obstacle for community pharmacists to undertake a public health role in Malaysia. Adequate training programs in pharmaceutical public health have to be put in place to address this concern and this should therefore be a priority.