Background: Rapid urbanization has led to the increase in a group of people called ‘Urban poor’ dwelling as a community in ‘Slums’, worldwide. Slums manifest deprivation that transcends income poverty. Hence, we conducted this Community-oriented primary care (COPC) exercise, to give medical students a greater understanding of the situation of individual patients in the slum and to formulate a community diagnosis.Methods: The current study was done at Tyagaraj Nagar Jhuggi in the South district of New Delhi, during Community-oriented primary care (COPC) exercise of undergraduate medical students in their 4th semester over a period of 20 days, using a predesigned proforma for collecting data on health events and determinants of health, from families. 35 households were chosen by systematic random sampling.Results: Out of 179 community members studied, 33 (18.43%) were afflicted with morbidity, which consists of common cold with cough, generalized body pain and joint pain. The sex ratio was found to be 826, literacy rate was 76.9% in the study area, 44.11% of the households were having sanitary latrines owned by them, 68.6% had a closed drainage system 63% of the families used clean fuel for cooking and unmet need of contraception was 85% among eligible couples.Conclusions: Investments in women’s access to various contraceptive preferences are urgently needed to help increase the contraceptive prevalence rate. Health Education and awareness campaigns on prevention of potential mosquito, fly breeding sites, hand hygiene, avoidance of firewood as fuel, establishing smoke outlet and solid waste management should be arranged.

Background: Reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted infections are an important public health problem among women of reproductive age group in developing countries. The perceptions or taboos related to RTIs act as an obstacle for seeking treatment ultimately leading to complications. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, health seeking behavior and barriers for treatment of reproductive tract infections among married women of reproductive age in Delhi.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was undertaken in an urban field practice area of department of Community Medicine of VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi from November 2017 to April 2019. Sample size of 270 was collected using predesigned and pre- tested questionnaire by systematic random sampling.Results: Mere 16.6% of the women knew about symptoms of RTI/STIs. Out of 81 women having RTI/STI in past 3 months 30% did not seek treatment and out of 70% who took treatment for RTI, 30% did not complete treatment. Majority of the women who sought treatment preferred government hospital. The main barrier for seeking treatment was embarrassment, not considering it as an important health problem, lack of time.Conclusions: The overall knowledge about symptoms, mode of spread of RTIs/STIs was very poor among the study participants. Women seeking treatment are not completing it. Thus, there is need to emphasize on spreading knowledge about symptoms, mode of spread, need for treatment and its completion and clearing barriers related to RTI/STI among women.

No abstract

Ayushman Bharat approved by the Indian government in March 2018, is an ambitious reform to the Indian health system to provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC) and to achieve Universal Health Coverage. The Ayushman Bharat with two components intends to provide a continuum of care services across the three-level of care, expanded service delivery through population enumeration and empanelment of Families at HWC and also expanded the range of preventive, promotive, curative, diagnostic, rehabilitative and palliative care services. There is sufficient evidence available that strengthening of primary healthcare is the most appropriate approach to achieve UHC. Investment on comprehensive primary healthcare system is a practical and affordable solution for India. The concept of Mid-Level Health Provider (MLHP) is newly introduced to improve Sub center and PHC resource utilization. Health and wellness centers with referral services provide preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative aspects with the inclusion of non-communicable disease and other important component will make the programme to deliver Comprehensive health care. With the availability of extensive potentially trainable human resources at comparatively low cost, the Health services of the programme are provided with the Human resource incentives. Ayushman Bharat National Health Protection Scheme will be implanted in conjunctions with the existing state insurance scheme, will provide a cashless benefit for identified secondary/ tertiary treatments, in public/ empaneled private facilities all over India without any cap on family size and age, beneficiaries being identified on the basis of SocioEconomic Caste Survey (SECC) 2011. The Utilization of manpower under Ayushman Bharat is proved by successful engagement and potential usage of nearly 1 million ASHA under the National Health Mission (NHM). The programme provides an innovative initiative of building a highly impactful health model with low cost with the utilization of skilledworkforce. This review describes why Ayushman Bharat is a boon for the country.

No abstract