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Since its discovery in 1997 [1], the ICD has been successfully investigated in a variety of systems [2]. It usually proceeds on a femtosecond timescale and becomes faster the more neighbors are present, dominating most of the competing relaxation processes. Experimental investigation of ICD in water dimers [3] found the rate of this process to be so large as to completely suppress the proton transfer in the inner-valence ionized water molecules.As a result of ICD, two intact water cations are produced by the consecutive Coulomb 1

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In this article, we investigate the dependence of interatomic Coulombic decay widths on the symmetry of the decaying state. In this type of decay, excited, ionized, and doubly ionized states of an atom or molecule can efficiently relax by ionizing their environment. We concentrate on an atom A and a neighboring atom B and consider such excited, ionized, or doubly ionized states of A that decay by emitting a single photon if A were an isolated atom. Analytical expressions for the various widths are derived for large interatomic distances R. A pronounced dependence of the widths on the symmetry properties of the decaying state is found. This dependence at large R is related to the dependence of the interaction energy of two classical dipoles on their mutual orientation. Comparison with precise ab initio calculations shows that the analytical results hold well at large R, while they deviate from the ab initio values at smaller R due to the effect of orbital overlap.