Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is known to recur decades after nephrectomy; however, isolated cutaneous metastasis is rare. Previous clinical history plays vital role. Newly occurring skin lesions in follow‐through patients of RCC should be carefully evaluated, and possibility of its metastasis should be acknowledged. Disease‐free survival postmetastasectomy is possible.
Sarcocystis gets its name from "sarcomere" as it was first reported as a thread-like cyst in striated muscles of a house mouse and was initially named Miescher's tubules after its discoverer. [1] It has now been recognized as a protozoan of the phylum Apicomplexa as the protozoa possess an apical complex structure involved in penetrating the host cells. Other apicomplexan protozoans include Toxoplasma, Babesia, Plasmodium, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Isospora belli. [2] Previously, this protozoan infection was considered rare, due to undiagnosed cases and nonspecific symptoms. However, the incidence of human infection is rising in Southeast Asia. Histopathology is an important method for the diagnosis of muscular infection in an intermediate host.The exact prevalence of muscular sarcocystis is still not known due to the paucity of reported cases, due to probable nonrecognition of the parasite on histology. We report a case of extra-skeletal Ewing's sarcoma with a coexistent muscular sarcocystis infection.
case RePoRtA 27-year-old patient presented to our outpatient department with a gradually progressing right arm swelling. On fine-needle aspiration cytology, it was reported as a small round cell tumor and thus the patient was posted for surgical excision.The patient underwent wide local excision on August 25, 2020, and was sent to us for frozen section reporting of margins and definitive histopathological diagnosis.
Gross descriptionWe received a skin covered tissue piece measuring 13 cm × 12 cm × 6.5 cm. Overlying skin measured 11 cm × 11 cm. Undersurface was covered with fat skeletal muscles and fascia. On cut, a grayish-white growth was identified which measured 7 cm × 5 cm × 4 cm. Cut surface showed areas of hemorrhage and necrosis [Figure 1].
Introduction:Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are poorly understood neoplasms that, although slow growing compared with epithelial malignancies, can behave aggressively. Bone marrow (BM) is an uncommon site of metastasis by neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), occurring in approximately 5% of the cases. Despite advanced diagnostic techniques, primary site cannot be deciphered in few patients. Case: A 46-year-old male with a recent history of myocardial infarction, rapidly worsening back pain from past two months. He was referred to us with a suspicion of multiple myeloma with multiple lytic lesions of bone. The patient underwent a BM examination, which revealed extensive infiltration of the marrow with tumor cells positive for immunohistochemical (IHC) markers of NET with high proliferation index. Thus, a diagnosis of "metastatic NET" was rendered. Conclusion: In an occult primary, a panel of IHC biomarkers are of key importance to confirm the nature and grade of the tumor. Site-specific markers may be lost in high-grade tumors. Thus, in an era of theradiagnostics, immunohistochemistry remains a tool of paramount vitality, to accurately classify these tumors, and may aide in finding the primary site of neoplasm.
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