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The blue scales on the cuticle of the male beetle Hoplia coerulea can absorb water, with the consequence that these scales, which have been shown to be responsible for the beetle's bright blue coloration, reversibly turn to emerald green with increasing water contents. Optical measurements are shown, by analytic photonic-crystal models, to be compatible with the full filling of the scales structures with water. The natural mechanism shows the way to produce a very efficient hygrochromic material: a medium which significantly changes color when its water contents are modified.

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The cuticle of the longhorn beetle Pseudomyagrus waterhousei shows a diffuse pattern of mixed blue and violet colors. These colorations arise from a dense layer of droplet-shaped scales covering the dorsal parts of the cuticle. In spite of their lack of iridescence, these colors are shown to be structural and produced by an aggregate of internally ordered photonic-crystal grains. Computer simulations confirm that the blue and violet colors are caused by face-centered-cubic crystallites which dominantly expose their (111) surface to illumination and viewing.