Large enterprises have been at forefront of environmental management with active participation in industry wide programs and adoption of 'beyond compliance' approach with more resources at their disposal. The present study revisits the premise of environmental-financial linkage in the Indian context with focus on large listed enterprises. We develop a comprehensive dataset of 459 large listed Indian companies covering major manufacturing and service sectors of the economy over a eleven year period from 2008-09 to 2018-19. Static and dynamic regression models are used to gauge the impact of environmental management practices adoption on firm profitability (Return on Assets and Return on Equity) and market valuation (Tobin Q, Market to Book Value Ratio and Excess Valuation to sales ratio). Empirical results suggest a positive impact of environmental management on firm profitability and market valuation in context of large listed enterprises. These results are of interest to corporate and policy makers for recognizing the financial implications of corporate environmental management.
A multilateral agreement on investment (MAI) is an agreement between sovereign states which is meant to safeguard the investments that companies undertake in foreign countries. Given the importance of foreign direct investment, one would expect to find such an agreement on the top of every international organization’s agenda. The OECD started negotiations for such agreement in 1995 and the newly established WTO set up a working group in 1996 regarding the same. At that time, however, those attempts failed. The negotiations at the OECD were suspended in 1998 and the WTO did not move beyond TRIMS, the Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures that is limited, to the subset of trade-related investments. The study traces the history of International Investment Agreements, along with their features, advantages and disadvantages. The paper takes at the chronology of the events which led to the failure of MAI. The analysis concludes with the road ahead for multilateral agreements on investment.
In the era of global competition, firms, in general, should develop innovative capabilities for their survival and growth. Firms rely either on their internal technological capabilities or their external linkages as the sources of innovation. With the pace of technology development, access to knowledge and resources from outside the firm is becoming increasingly important .The study analyses the capability building as seen in expenditure on ‘Research and Development’ in the leading auto manufacturer in India, Maruti Suzuki-a joint venture between the Indian government and Suzuki Motors Corporation, Japan. The analysis shows that the Maruti Suzuki has integrated and built internal and external competences to address the rapidly changing environment and has consolidated its position as the top automobile manufacturer with the right blend of capacity building activities.
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