To study the effect and compare Epley, Semont maneuvers and Brandt-Daroff Exercise on QoL in patients with PSCBPPV. 90 individuals with unilateral PSCBPPV were selected based on positive Dix-Hallpike test. 3 groups Epley, Semont, and Brandt-Daroff were formed and 30 individuals were selected in each group randomly. Dix-Hallpike test and Vestibular Activities and Participation (VAP) Scale based on International Classification of Functioning were administered before and after Epley, Semont maneuvers, and Brandt-Daroff Exercise to fulfill the aim. VAP Scale results revealed significant difference between pre and post treatment score in all 3 groups, suggestive of positive effect on QoL in patients with PSCBPPV. Improvements in VAP Score between 3 groups were compared and significant difference was observed. Dix-Hallpike test results revealed that 90, 73.33, and 50% patients improved in Epely, Semont, and Brandt-Daroff group respectively. Epely maneuver found to be the best choice and then Semont and Brandt-Daroff should be least preferred in treatment of patients with PSCBPPV.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The most frequently used technique for the repair of TM perforation is underlay grafting of temporalis fascia in normally ventilated middle ears. In advanced middle ear pathology, large perforations, atelectatic drum or retraction pockets, temporalis facia may cause higher failure rates. In such cases, a more rigid grafting material such as cartilage is preferred because of its increased stability and resistance to middle ear pressure even in cases with chronic eustachian tube dysfunction.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective randomized study design on comparison of temporalis fascia and cartilage as graft in patients of CSOM with subtotal perforation. 80 patients, divided randomly into two groups with equal patients, with tragal cartilage (group 1) and temporalis fascia (group 2) as graft. Follow up done at post-operative 3^rd week and 3^rd month for graft acceptance as well as graft health. Audiometric evaluation was conducted at 3rd month. The data obtained was subjected to appropriate statistical analysis using SPSS version 20.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Graft uptake rate in group1 and 2 was 93.75% and 90%. The mean AB gap improved in group1from 36.38±6.10 dB to 18.13±5.84 dB. Similarly in group 2 it improved from 28.73±5.82 dB to 15.23±8.14 dB; showed statistically highly significance in both groups (p&lt;0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Composite tragal perichondrium graft delivers an excellent audiologic outcome comparable to temporalis fascia graft specially where medialization of graft is expected. It gives ENT surgeons a reliable armamentarium in tympanoplasties for subtotal perforation.</p>

Background: Type 1 tympanoplasty is a surgical technique used to restore the integrity of tympanic membrane as well as to improve hearing level in patients with large central perforations (inactive mucosal chronic otitis media). Methods: This is a randomized prospective study of 12 month duration from January 2017 to December 2017 in 100 patients of chronic otitis media inactive mucosal type with large central perforation admitted in the E.N.T department at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. Results: The graft uptake rate in the present study was found to be 96% and 90% respectively in interlay and underlay techniques. Post operatively after 12 weeks mean air bone gap was maximum reduced in Interlay tympanoplasty. Conclusions:The present study showed that Interlay technique had a better graft take rate as well as hearing improvement in large central perforation of chronic otitis media than the underlay technique.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cervical lymphadenopathy is the sign of a disease process which involves lymph nodes that are anomalous in uniformity and dimensions. It is very vital to exercise fine-needle aspiration biopsy, histopathological investigation, and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of palpable lesions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study of 12-month duration from January 2018 to December 2018 in 61 patients presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy admitted in the ENT Department at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In biopsy, most common diagnosis was chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis i.e. in 62.3% of the patients. As compared to biopsy, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis in 46% of the patients, with overall sensitivity of 91.1%, and specificity of 60.0%. and accuracy of 88.5%. Whereas ultrasonography (USG) reported, 64% cervical lymphadenopathy in patients, with overall sensitivity came out to be 91.1%, specificity to be 40.0%, accuracy was 86.9%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Present study showed that biopsy is the gold standard procedure for diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy lesions followed by FNAC, USG. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was most common diagnosis made by the diagnostic modalities.</p>

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the causative pathogen and detect their susceptibility to a panel of antibiotics among patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media (COM). Methods: This was a single-center, hospital-based, cross-sectional, observational study involving total of 156 patients diagnosed with COM. Pus swab collected from the patient’s ear was sent for culture and sensitivity. Results: The mean and median age of the patients included in the present study was 19.1 and 20.5 years, respectively. In the present study, 133 (85.3%) participants were diagnosed with mucosal COM, and the remaining 23 (14.7%) participants had a squamosal type of COM. A positive culture/bacterial growth was seen in 139 samples (89.10%). Of the 139 samples that had bacterial growth: 93.5% had a growth of single bacteria and 6.5% of participants showed growth of more than one bacterium. In the present study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the single most common bacteria identified on bacterial culture (32.7%), followed by other Pseudomonas species (23.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (18.58%). Isolated Pseudomonas specimens were most susceptible to Polymyxin B and Colistin. Isolated Staphylococcus specimens were most sensitive to Meropenem and Imipenem. Conclusion: P. aeruginosa was the single most common bacteria identified on bacterial culture among patients diagnosed with COM. About one in ten (10%) isolated pseudomonas and staphylococcus specimens were multi-drug resistant.