Background: In early December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China causing havoc all over the world. As clinicians, recognition of this disease is necessary to isolate these patients to prevent further human to human transmission. Due to its affinity to the respiratory tract and increased viral load in the nose and throat, we as practising otorhinolaryngologists are at increased risk of exposure to this life-threatening virus and warrants an in-depth knowledge on the symptomatology of this disease. This systematic review is intended to highlight the otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19.Methodology: The literature search was performed on PubMed database using Boolean operators ‘and ‘, ‘or’ as “otorhinolaryngological manifestations” or “rhinology” or “otology” or “larynx” or “hearing” or “olfaction” and “covid19” or “novel corona virus” or “SARS-CoV” with filters as ‘2020’ year of study on 7/08/2020 at 11.30 Am.Review Results: Total of 357 articles were obtained on search and the final 12 articles extracted based on our selection criteria were reviewed. The studies included 6825 laboratory confirmed COVID -19 patients with varying severity of disease. Olfactory dysfunction and taste dysfunction were noted in 2355 and 2224 patients respectively. Nasal obstruction was reported in 323 patients and sore throat in 261 patients. Rhinorrhoea was reported in 209 patients .158 patients complained of post nasal drip and 152 patients presented with facial pain.Conclusion: As a practising otorhinolaryngologist, a good insight into the otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19 is essential to differentiate between the prodromal symptoms of COVID-19 and non-COVID viral upper respiratory tract infection.

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Introduction Epistaxis is the commonest otorhinolaryngological emergency affecting upto 60% of population. The aetiology of epistaxis can be local or systemic. Often it may be difficult to categorize the epistaxis and no clear cause is found; then it is labelled as idiopathic. Materials and Methods It was a prospective observational study. All the patients of both gender, age ≥18 years with epistaxis without obvious cause coming to the ENT OPD/ Emergency were included in the study. The patient's vitals were recorded and hemodynamical stability was established first. All patients of epistaxis underwent thorough clinical examination and proper history was taken. Measures to stop bleeding included nasal packing, electro/chemical cautery of local area or ligation of sphenopalatine vessels etc. Efforts were made to establish a primal relationship of adult epistaxis with various factors. Results There were 97 patients in the study. Male to female ratio was 5.7:1. Majority were above 40 years. The commonest factor associated with epistaxis was Hypertension(38%) followed by idiopathic(21%). Anterior nasal bleeding was present in 71% patients whereas posterior nasal bleeding was there in 29% patients. Non-surgical measures like nasal packing and cauterization were the main intervention methods. Duration of hospital stay was more than 3 days in 73% patients. Conclusion Hypertension, blood thinners and trauma were the most common risk factors among the patients in whom aetiology was found although in 21% of the patients, aetiology could not be found. Most cases were successfully managed with conservative (non-surgical) treatment.

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