The present investigation was carried out to identify morphology and yield performance of milky mushroom isolates for both the wild and cultivars. In this study, 17 wild isolates (CBE-TNAU-1513 to 1526, CBE-TNAU-1603, 1604 and CBE-TNAU-1701), seven cultivated strains (CI-13-02, 04, 06 and CI-14-02, 03, 04 and CI-14-06) and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University APK2 (C. indica) variety were compared. Colony characters of all the 25 isolates of milky mushroom grown on PDA medium were recorded. Among the isolates, CBE-TNAU-1523, CBE-TNAU-1603 and APK2 were found to be fast growing covering the maximum radial growth of 90 mm in Petri dish within 7 days. In order to find out the best performing wild isolate, the observations have been recorded with morphometric characters viz., days for spawn run (DFSR), days for pin head formation (DFPF), pileus and stipe measurements including the pileus: stipe ratio for all the strains were recorded. The complete spawn run was faster in APK2 (10.3 d). However, the mycelial impregnation in the casing soil was comparatively quick with the isolate CBE-TNAU-1515, which also reflected in early pinning with this isolate (8.4d). The strains viz., CBE-TNAU-1517, 1521, 1522, 1523 and APK2 possessed milky white, robust and companulate sporodomes having thick cylindrical stipe, which was found to be moderately bulged at the base. When selected based on yield attributes, significantly increased yield was obtained with the strain CBE-TNAU-1523 (972 g per bed with 194.5 per cent bio-efficiency).

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Experiments were conducted to estimate the morphogenesis related enzymes, yield parameters and yield of milky mushroom fungus C. indica utilizing different growth substrates viz., paddy straw, sorghum stalks, sugarcane baggase, maize stalks, soybean hay, blackgram hay, ground nut halums, saw dust, paddy straw compost and coirpith compost. Palmorasa and vetiver grasses were also used along with all other substrates mentioned by enzyme production technology, Solid State Fermentation (SSF) for the fruiting body production and biodegradation of phyto constituents. Among the substrates tested, the higher level of endocellulase (2.40%) and exocellulase (1.01%) production was observed in paddy straw followed by sorghum stalks. Laccase (1.10%) and poly phenol oxidase (0.037%) activity showed increased level in blackgram hay followed by maize stalks and coir pith compost, respectively. Among the substrates used for yield estimation, the Paddy straw and maize stalks gave significantly higher yields (356.5 and 354.3 g per bed, respectively) followed by sorghum stalks and vetiver grass. The high level of protein biomass was calculated in Paddy straw (2.929g/500g of substrate) followed by maize stalks (2.911 g/500g of substrate).

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