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Background Ankle sprain are among the common injuries in the physically active population. Majority of those who suffer ankle sprains have residual symptoms including pain, episodes of giving way, compromised proprioception and neuromuscular control, and re-injury leading to chronic ankle instability. Objective The objective of the present study was to find the effect of dual task training on ankle stability in chronic ankle sprain. Method A total of 42 participants with chronic ankle sprain were randomly allocated in 2 groups which contains 21 participants in each group. Group A received Dual Task Training with conventional treatment and Group B received Conventional Treatment only. Both group received treatment for 3 days a week for 4 weeks. All participants were assessed pre intervention (baseline) and post intervention (end of 4th week) for pain via NPRS, static balance via single leg stance test, dynamic balance via functional reach test, ankle muscle strength via Micro FET2 dynamometer, ROM assessed via goniometer, proprioception via degree of foot position sense. Result Statistical analysis showed significant improvement (P < 0.05) in Pain, Muscle strength and ROM within the groups as well as between the groups. With reference to static balance with one’s eyes open and eyes closed, dynamic balance and proprioception showed significant difference within Group A as well as between the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study found that dual task training effectively improves pain, static balance, dynamic balance, muscle strength, ankle ROM and proprioception.

Migraine is a type of primary headache with a high degree of associated disability that can present with a variety of indications and co-morbidities. The role of physical therapy treatment in migraine management is largely obscure. To investigate the combine effect of aerobic exercises and therapeutic pain neuroscience education on disability, pain pressure threshold, head posture and quality of life (QoL) in patients having migraine. Subjects were screened by using Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) and after screening total sample of 50 subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A (Experimental, n=25) and Group B (Control, n=25). Migraine disability assessment, pressure algometer, craniovertebral angle (CVA) and migraine specific quality of life were examined before and after 6 weeks of the intervention. Group A were given aerobic exercises and therapeutic pain neuroscience education along with conventional treatment for 45 min 3 days/week for 6 weeks, whereas participants in the Group B performed conventional exercises alone for 20 min 3 days/week for 6 weeks. Significant differences were observed in migraine disability score (P=0.003) and pain pressure threshold (P=0.039, P=0.030 and P=0.025) and improvement in forward head posture (P=0.001) between the groups after the intervention period, signifying greater improvement in the group A. QoL also improved in both the groups after intervention. Main findings of the present study suggest that the therapeutic pain neuroscience education and aerobic exercises combined with conventional treatment together maybe helpful to give better quality of life, reduced disability, increased pain pressure threshold and increased CVA to patients with migraine.

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