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Introduction: Thalassemia and related hemoglobinopathies are a major preventable hematological disorder, affecting most parts of the Indian subcontinent. Prevention of these disorders lies in screening of at-risk population. This study was undertaken to assess the disease burden amongst predefined at-risk population in western districts of West Bengal. Material and methods: A total of 903 cases of antenatal mothers and premarital men and women in the age range of 18-40 years referred for Hemoglobin High Performance Liquid Chromatography were studied during a two year period. Blood samples were collected and tested in an automated hematology analyzer for hematological assessment and HPLC for hemoglobin pattern. Suitable statistical methods were used for analysis of the data. Results: Among the study population, 86.32% were normal and 13.69% showed abnormal hemoglobin fractions. β Thalassemia trait was the most common abnormal hemoglobin comprising 8.34% of the cases. Heterozygous for sickle cell disease (2.22%) was the second most common abnormality, followed by HbE Heterozygous (1.56%). Conclusion: The present cross-sectional study closely follows the thalassemic gene burden in similar studies done in this area previously. With increasing awareness and with this simple screening procedure, it may be possible to eradicate or at least lessen the present community burden of thalassemia in foreseeable future.

Background: Ovarian cancer is the fifth common cause of death due to cancer in women. It constitutes 3% of all cancers in females and 15-20% of genital malignancies. Most of the ovarian cancers are serous type followed by endometrioid type. Sometimes glands of these two carcinomas are indistinguishable histologically. It also becomes difficult to differentiate these two types when they are poorly differentiated. Aims: The aim of this study was to find out differences in immuno-markers expressions between serous and endometrioid carcinomas and association of their staining patterns with other clinicopathological prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for WT1, Bcl2, Ki67 (MIB1) and Her2/Neu were done in paraffin embedded tissues of histologically diagnosed total 38 cases (21 serous and 17 endometrioid) of ovarian carcinomas and staining patterns were correlated with other clinicopathological prognostic factors. Results: Out of these 38 cases, 24 cases were in stage I/II (early stage) and 14 cases stage III/IV (advance stage). On the other hand, 16 cases were low grade, 12 cases intermediate grade and 10 cases high grade. Twenty out of 21 serous carcinomas were positive for WT1, whereas most of the endometrioid carcinomas were negative. Ki67 labeling index and Her2/Neu were higher in both higher grade and stages. On the contrary, intensity of Bcl2 staining was lower in higher grades and stages lesions. Conclusions: Use of WT1 may be useful in resolving diagnostic dilemma between serous and endometrioid carcinoma, especially in difficult cases. Ki67, Bcl2 and Her2/Neu may be used as prognostic markers.

Introduction:In our institute duodenal biopsies are taken in patients having either, unexplained anemia, weight loss, recurrent loose stool, abdominal pain, dyspepsia or suspected malabsorption. In the present study we have evaluated histomorphological features of duodenal biopsies in patients presented with specifically Rapid Urease Test (RUT) negative dyspepsia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted and data of duodenal biopsies were collected from January 2017 to December 2018. Histopathology slides of duodenal biopsies were reevaluated. We have correlated clinical and endoscopic findings with various histomorphological parameters. Results:We have included total 99 cases. Demographic profile of our study population shows wide age range (9 years to 74 years) with mean age 39.8 years and Male: Female ratio 1.1:1. Dyspepsia was the common presenting symptoms (64.6% cases) and malabsorption was suspected in 29 cases. 28.3% cases show villous architectural abnormalities which correlate significantly with endoscopic findings of duodenal nodularity. Moderate to severe lamina propria lymphoplasmacytic infiltration seen in 58.56% cases and correlates significantly with dyspeptic symptoms. Duodenal biopsy was diagnostic in 3% cases. Conclusion: Diagnostic yield of duodenal biopsy is low but informative with proper clinical background.

Purpose To find out common causes of pelvis-abdominal (PA) lump in women of different age groups and to analyse clinical presentation and the histopathological finding of the PA lump in the gynaecology department of a referral hospital. Methods Sixty-eight women of 60 years or less who present with PA lump were recruited for the study. Women carrying intrauterine pregnancy were excluded from the study. Clinical and histopathological analysis of PA lump was done after operations. This was an observational study. Association was assessed by means of Chi-square test. For all statistical purposes, p \ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results 88.23 % of PA lumps were in the age of 21-50 years age groups. Uterine fibromyoma (38.23 %), ovarian tumour (26.47 %) and endometriosis (10.29 %) were common causes presenting with PA lump. The percentage of benign PA lump in the different age groups from 11 to 60 years was significant when compared with malignant histopathology (p value = 0.000 in each age group of 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years). Conclusions Uterine fibromyoma was the commonest PA lump followed by ovarian tumour and endometriosis in the women of different age groups from 11 to 60 years. Pain and lump abdomen were common clinical symptom and sign in ovarian malignancy. Histopathology showed that PA lump of women of 60 years or less was mostly benign in nature, which was significant.