This study has three main objectives namely: (1) examine the existence of the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia; (2) examine the factors that cause the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia and in some sample areas, and (3) formulate strategies and policy measures needed to reduce the level of unemployment.To achieve these objectives the activities we do is an empirical analysis through the modeling of Econometrics, unemployment accounting, and descriptive statistics. Meanwhile, the data used are secondary data and regional macroeconomic and primary data collected through interviews with workers, the unemployed, firms, bureaucrats, and unions.The study concludes that the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia is disequilibrium persistent unemployment without self correcting mechanism, which means that the persistence occurred outside the labor market equilibrium and has no automatic mechanism to get to the point of equilibrium. In addition, persistence is the result of the slow process of capital accumulation, wage rigidity, the length of job search, and the inertia caused by institutional factors of labor market.The main implication of this study are: (1) the need to improve the quality of growth through hands-on strategy; (2) banking policy and capital markets can lead to acceleration of capital accumulation; (3) monetary policy is more focused on inflation targeting, (4) increased total factor productivity; (5) special incentives for labor-intensive sectors; (6) strengthening vocational education, and (7) antiunemployment programs that are regionally specific.Keywords: Persistent unemployment, Disequilibrium, Wage rigidity, Job search, Indonesia.JEL Classification: J23, J31

This study has three main objectives namely: (1) examine the existence of the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia; (2) examine the factors that cause the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia and in some sample areas, and (3) formulate strategies and policy measures needed to reduce the level of unemployment.To achieve these objectives the activities we do is an empirical analysis through the modeling of Econometrics, unemployment accounting, and descriptive statistics. Meanwhile, the data used are secondary data and regional macroeconomic and primary data collected through interviews with workers, the unemployed, firms, bureaucrats, and unions.The study concludes that the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia is disequilibrium persistent unemployment without self correcting mechanism, which means that the persistence occurred outside the labor market equilibrium and has no automatic mechanism to get to the point of equilibrium. In addition, persistence is the result of the slow process of capital accumulation, wage rigidity, the length of job search, and the inertia caused by institutional factors of labor market.The main implication of this study are: (1) the need to improve the quality of growth through hands-on strategy; (2) banking policy and capital markets can lead to acceleration of capital accumulation; (3) monetary policy is more focused on inflation targeting, (4) increased total factor productivity; (5) special incentives for labor-intensive sectors; (6) strengthening vocational education, and (7) antiunemployment programs that are regionally specific.Keywords: Persistent unemployment, Disequilibrium, Wage rigidity, Job search, Indonesia.JEL Classification: J23, J31.

This paper analyzes the relationship between the Exchange rate and the stock market in Jakarta, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippine and Hongkong using a high frequency data. We applied the Vector Autoregressive method on the daily data covering 1 July 1997 to 30 June 2006.The analysis provides several results as follows: (i) the exchange rate movements is influenced by the regional and the Hongkong stock market index, except Thailand, (ii) Jakarta stock market index is influenced by the regional stock market except Thailand, (iii) the Rupiah rate influence the regional and Hongkong stock index, (iv) the Jakarta's stock market index is integrated to the regional stock market index. These results may be a usefull as an additional guidance to evaluate the Rupiah's exchange rate and the regional stock market movement in general.JEL Classification: C32, F31, G15                 Keywords: Stock, Vector Autoregressive, exchange rate.

The disintermediation of Indonesian banking is probably due to the high level of the real sector risk. This paper analyzes the profile and the dynamics of this sectoral risk established from the median of individual firm's default risks. We measure the firm's default risk with the KMV’s Expected Default Frequency (EDF). The data shows a high correlation coefficient among the sectoral risk, and through the generalized impulse response, the interrelation of the sectoral risk is revealed.The macroeconomic variables also affect the sectoral risk. The positive shock of the BI rate, the nominal exchange rate or the inflation, causes an increase of the sectoral risk. On the other hand, a positive shock of the economic growth causes a decrease on the sectoral risk.Keywords: Sectoral risk, default risk, probability to defaultJEL Classification: G30, G33

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