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Commercial acrylic bone cement was modified by incorporating different filler loadings of bioactive hydroxyapatite and titania nanopowders. The effects of nanofiller loading on the mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. The peak temperature during the polymerization of bone cement was observed to decrease with increasing filler loading. In addition, the flexural strength decreased and morphological studies of the fracture surfaces revealed an increase in porosity with the increase in filler loading. Silanation was conducted on the optimum filler loading, and the influence of silanation on the mechanical properties of bone cement was assessed.

Biocomposites are sustainable composite materials that, owing to their many benefits, have attracted interest of industry. In the present research, the durian husk fiber (DHF) was used as natural fiber in poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biocomposites. This study focused on the effects of fiber and processing aid content on the processing torque, tensile, thermal, and morphological properties of PLA/DHF biocomposites. The biocomposites with high fiber content have strength and modulus that are suitable for nonstructural application. The processing aid used was Ultra-Plast XP519. The addition of Ultra-Plast XP519 significantly improved the processing by lowering the torque, but it brought negative effect on mechanical properties.

Abstract. Polylactic acid (PLA) is biodegradable thermoplastic that made from renewable raw material, but its high cost limited the application. Thus, addition of natural fiber can be effectively reduced the cost of PLA. This research is utilised natural fiber extracted from durian husk to made PLA biocomposites. This paper is focus on the effect of fiber content on tensile and thermal properties of PLA/durian husk fiber (DHF) biocomposites. The results found that the tensile strength and modulus of this biocomposites increased with increase of fiber content, but the strength still lower compared to neat PLA. Then, the elongation at break of biocomposites was expected decreased at higher fiber content. The PLA/DHF biocomposites with 60 phr fiber content exhibited tensile strength of 11 MPa, but it is too brittle yet for any application. The addition of DHF caused an early thermal degradation on PLA biocomposites. Then, the thermal stability of PLA biocomposites was decreased with more fiber content.