This research aimed to compare the toxicity effect of non-irradiated and irradiated Labisia pumila at a different dosage of 3, 6, 9 and 12 kilogray (kGy). Different irradiated dosages of L.pumila were prepared using Cobalt-60 gamma irradiation and the acute toxicity were assessed through zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. The survival rate, hatching rate, heartbeat rate and scoliosis were observed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 windows. The lethal dose (LC50) value was calculated. The LC50 value of non-irradiated extract L. pumila is 125 μg/ml compared to irradiated extract is 62.5 μg/ml respectively. Hatchability of zebrafish of L.pumila extract reduce in the higher concentration for non-irradiated sample at 250 μg/ml and for irradiated sample at 125 μg/ml. Presence of scoliosis not observed in all concentration for irradiated and non-irradiated sample. The heartbeat of zebrafish embryo treated with irradiated L. pumila extract (0-62.5 μg/ml) was within the normal range (120-180 bpm for all doses), but at higher concentrations (125 μg/ml) the heartbeat differs from normal ranges for all the doses. From this time forward, irradiated and non-irradiated of this plant was safe to be consumed due to its pharmaceutical effect but it still exhibited mild toxicity effect on zebrafish embryo. The diverse irradiated doses show a change of toxicity level of this plant which higher doses show mild toxicity to the zebrafish embryo compared to low doses exposure.
Background: Orthosiphon aristatus has been usually related to be powerful in curing many illnesses inclusive of post-partum remedy, anti-influence, rheumatism and stopping osteoporosis as a result of menopause. Objectives: Thus, this study was designed to differentiate the toxicity effect of non-irradiated and irradiated Orthosiphon aristatus at different dosage of 3, 6, 9 and 12 kilogray (kGy) on zebrafish embryo. Method: Survival rate, hatching rate, heart beat rate and scoliosis were observed and date were analysed using SPSS 25.00 windows. Result: The lethal dose (LC50) of non-irradiated Orthosiphon aristatus is 381.81 μg/mL compare to irradiated extract at 3 % is (371.27 μg/mL), 6 % (311.03 μg/mL), 9 % (160.72 μg/mL) and 12 % (140.18 μg/mL). Hatchability of zebrafish embryo for Orthosiphon aristatus extract decrease in the higher dosage of irradiated sample compared to non-irradiated sample. No presence of scoliosis was observed in all dosage of irradiated and non-irradiated of Orthosiphon aristatus. The heartbeat of zebrafish embryo treated with irradiated Orthosiphon aristatus specifically 12 % show decrease at 250 μg/mL concentration. Remaining dosage of irradiated and non-irradiated Orthosiphon aristatus show average heartbeat around 120 - 160 bpm. Conclusion: As conclusion, irradiated and non-irradiated of Orthosiphon aristatus is safe to be consumed due to its pharmaceutical effect but it still exhibited mild toxicity effect on zebrafish embryo. HIGHLIGHTS Herbal medicine (Orthosiphon aristatus) is widely used for treatment as alternative medicine This Orthosiphon aristatus easy can be contaminated by bacteria and fungus. Gamma ray is helpful to eliminated the bacteria and fungus Irradiated Orthosiphon aristatus can be toxic due to the exposure in Gamma ray Toxicity study using zebra fish show no changes in toxicity of Orthosiphon aristatus GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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