Risk management is a constant effort that must be carried out throughout the life of a project. For construction and property development projects, the administration of each risk management stage is important due to the nature of the work involved. Specifically, in deliberating the collaboration between zakat and wakaf resources in the provision of low-cost housing or its equivalent for the asnaf and poor, it is crucial to identify the risks involved and the best way to manage them. Otherwise, the authorities' support, for instance, housing-related assistance, for instance, building new and repairing houses, could not be wisely utilized and maintained should any catastrophes occur. In the event of a calamity, the recipients will lose their houses. Especially for the asnaf and needy, given that they are already poor, their standard of living will deteriorate. The identification of risks exposed to housing development has been addressed in current literature, but little research has specifically identified the vulnerabilities associated with zakat and wakaf housing development. This study is conducted in an attempt to identify risks exposed to the development of zakat and wakaf housing in Malaysia via content analysis of relevant documents and a series of interviews with related stakeholders. The study's findings indicate that there are 94 risks identified, where most of the risks are inherent risks associated with the development of the property. The finding also suggests that Shariah-compliant risks, such as the requirements of mua'malat, and principles of zakat and wakaf, are included among the identified risks associated with the development of zakat and wakaf housing. The outcome of the study is significant in providing information to relevant authorities and related organizations in identifying risks accordingly and becoming the basis for the development of a comprehensive risk management framework for zakat and wakaf housing development in Malaysia.

The paper focusses on the provision of shelter or housing for asnaf fakr and miskin by zakat administrators in Malaysia. The objectives of the study are to ascertain whether the design and planning (quality & standard) of zakat housing (1) satisfies the need and well-being of the households (i.e. the asnafs) in terms of appropriateness and adequacy, (2) meets the requirement of shariah (aesthetic, privacy, space requirements, facilities and amenities) and (3) could potential arrive at the key success factors for zakat houses from shariah perspectives. The study was carried out through desktop analysis of the literature review of zakat, housing for asnafs and house design for shariah added with semi-structured interview of the occupants living in zakat houses. Key findings from the study are the zakat houses occupied by the asnafs are neither appropriate nor adequate in terms of meeting the needs and requirements of the households of the asnafs. Limited literature is found describing the specifications of zakat houses or the state and conditions of such houses and houses repaired or rented. The study recommends that zakat administrator should consider establishing their own and shariah compliant standards for zakat funded housing for the asnafs.

In the context of the construction industry,

No abstract

PurposeThis study aims to assess the availability of micro-takaful (micro-Islamic insurance) schemes for the protection of houses belonging to low-income groups in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe study is conducted via desk research and interview discussions with representatives from takaful operators and key stakeholders.FindingsFindings of the study confirm the importance of micro-takaful as a scheme for the protection of low-income groups. Micro-takaful schemes in Malaysia are, however, skewed towards the protection of health, life and family. The study finds little industry interest in the provision of micro-takaful schemes for the protection of houses for low-income groups. This represents another important area that takaful operators should take into consideration in their planning.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper will help the Majlis Agama Islam Negeri-Negeri (MAINs), the regulator, takaful operators and government agencies such as Jabatan Wakaf, Zakat dan Haji (JAWHAR) to generate awareness and promote the offering of micro-takaful schemes for the protection of houses belonging to low-income groups in Malaysia.Practical implicationsIn light of the limited availability of micro-takaful schemes for the protection of houses for low-income groups, this study argues that takaful operators should offer and promote them.Social implicationsThe study is significant for fulfilling the need of low-income groups in Malaysia to protect their houses in the event of catastrophes so that they will not suffer significant losses. Rather, micro-takaful will assist them in improving their standard of living.Originality/valueThis study promotes the idea that it is essential to facilitate the low-income groups with appropriate coverage made available to them; micro-takaful schemes in protecting their houses and home contents, should any defined calamities occur. The outcomes are necessary for further development of micro-takaful models, specifically for the protection of properties. The developed model shall be proposed for application in the Malaysian takaful and housing industry to facilitate low-income groups to obtain protection for their household and home contents.