Refocussing on activities, fiscal allocation, and procurement of goods and services for the acceleration of COVID-19 response President Instruction (Inpres 4/2020) (continued)

This research aims to compare the advocacy model of Children Living with HIV/AIDS (CLWH) informal--non-professional and formal--nonprofessional network, represented by Lentera Anak Surakarta (LAS) and Lentera Anak Pelangi Jakarta (LAP) respectively. The characterization of the network was adapted from Lhawang Ugyel conceptual framework on four types of social network based on their personnel types and formality. Meanwhile, the comparison was made under the metric of 3 advocacy channels; legislation, political and mobilization process. This research found out that LAS informal-non-professional advocacy model reflected a more dominant usage of law and political channel compared to LAP formal-non-professional model since LAS was rising from marginalized society hence they need well lobbying politically and involving in legal drafting. Meanwhile, LAP had shown a more systematic maneuver on the socialization and mobilization channel of advocacy. This was because LAP was formally driven by academia spectrum that could establish methodical movements of CLWH advocacy; thus the engagement with policymaker was less prioritized, even though it was still an essential element of its advocacy.

Digitalization of the education system in Indonesia became an important topic in the country’s ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology during the period of COVID as all the schools in the country were closed indefinitely. Online classrooms were adopted nationally to ensure that learning persisted despite the shutdown, with teachers and students communicating digitally on instruction, assessment, reporting, and conversations. After the pandemic, the country has not dropped the technology but rather, has taken several steps towards completely digitizing the education system. A literature review was conducted in this paper to understand how COVID pandemic has been instrumental in bringing digital transformations in Indonesia’s education system. It was found that the country has carried forward, as well as introducing further actions in the efforts to digitize the country’s education system. Intriguingly, Indonesia highlights some of the ways that covid-19 has revitalized the tradition of gotong royong (mutual cooperation) within the current setting, in addition to the influence of digitalization on life. Gotong royong is a technique that is frequently employed to raise public awareness of the harm that results from breaking through social barriers, even in the name of getting back together with families to observe a religious holiday. The idea has given rise to a new view of collectivism that does not require physical proximity for us to keep each other safe in this situation.