The effect of Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) ranges from stillbirth to reductions in IQ according to thelevel of iodine deficiency and is effectively preventable by the use of iodized salt. Globally it affects 2 billionpeople, mostly in mountainous areas. Northern areas of Pakistan are highly endemic for IDD. Swat was thefirst district to introduce salt iodization in the private sector, in 1993.Objectives: Objectives of this descriptive study is to assess the present status of iodized salt in District Swatwith regard to availability, usage and awareness of the inhabitant of the household about the benefits ofiodized salt.Material & Methods: Duration of study:3 months. Sample size: data was collected by a pretestedquestionnaire, separately designed for shops, houses and salt factories, from all salt producing factories inthe area and stratified randomized technique was used for50 shops & 240 houses of the area, with equal halfwere taken from rural & urban areas.Result: Result of cumulative use of iodized salt 90 %, availability is 90 % & production is 89 % . The overallawareness about the use of iodized salt benefits is 39.2 %, more in urban (45 %) areas as compare to ruralareas (33.3 %).KEYWORDS: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), iodized salt, USI (universal salt iodization)

Background: Globally about 33 million people are living with HIV. In Pakistan 4,000 cases have been reported since1986. The objective of this study was to evaluate the existing HIV/AIDS surveillance system in Khyber Pakhtunkhwaprovince.Material & Methods: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down by CDC for evaluating publichealth surveillance systems. Duration of study was from 1 1 November to the end of December 2008. Key stakeholderswere interviewed through mixed methods approach (quantitative and qualitative methods, both) regarding updatingguidelines of CDC for evaluation of Public Health surveillance system. Data collecting forms are simple in structure.Results: There is low reporting rate due to social and cultural stigma (Estimated number of positive HIV cases incountry is 80,000 while reported cases in the province are 412). So the sensitivity of the system is 4.1%.Conclusion: The predictive value of screening test is 100% because all screened cases at blood banks were foundpositive both on ICT and ELISA. Variation in data reporting time at various levels was observed.KEYWORDS: HIV/AIDS, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Surveillance.