International interconnections generate a series of advantages within those countries that are connected. The most significant of these is the contribution to the security and continuity of the electricity supply within those interconnected systems. This paper presents the benefit of regionalinterconnection networks, and the improvement of Iraq transmission network in its generation and transmission capacity by connecting400kV, 50HZ grid with neighboring countries (Iran, Syria, and turkey).The Phase-shifting transformer (PST) proves to be more effective than other devices to control the active power flow between two large independent grids of different areas or countries. This paper focuses on the efficiency of PST in limiting the magnitude and direction of active power flow from these countries 400kVnetworks to Iraq network. In this paper, SVC is used to regulate active power transfer by regulating voltage at load side. using Matlab and Simulink, Different results are presented based on various scenarios.Index Terms--regional interconnection; PST, power flow control, SVC, matlab simulink.

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<p>A hybrid method has been suggested for optimal placement of multiple renewable distribution generations (RDGs) in microgrid system. The analytical approaches have not been appropriated for optimal placements of multiple solar photovoltaic (SPV) based on RDGs alone. In this work, hybridization of a fuzzy method and particle swarm optimization (PSO) search for the optimal placement of multiple RDGs in microgrid systems for decreasing the active power loss has been proposed. In this approach, the sizes of RDGs are evaluated at every bus by PSO method while the locations are determined by fuzzy based technique. The objective function (OBF) has been minimized under operating constraints. The improvements in nodal voltage profile have been observed. To confirm the proposed hybrid approach, results have been compared with bat algorithm (BA) technique and existing fast improved analytical (IA) method results. The suggested technique has been tested on 33-bus and 69-bus microgrid system.</p>

Abstract-To better performance and real time observability to Iraq networks (400KV, 132KV) by setting up PMU in different sites of the networks. In this paper the Power system observability analysis and the rules with phasor measurement unit (PMU) are presented. it is unnecessary as well as uneconomical to status PMU in each bus, therefore there are various algorithms: Depth First Search, a graph-theoretic procedure, Annealing Method, Rec. spanning Tree, Direct spanning Tree, Dir (N-1) Spanning Tree, Binary integer programming and Linear programming, are applied to find optimal number and optimal placement of PMU to obtain fully observability of the system in two cases: first case each bus can be seen at least one time from PMU and second case each bus can be seen at least two times from PMU, to networks of systems: IEEE 9-bus, IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 24-bus. Simulation results proved amongst optimal solutions obtained from these algorithms, it be by use binary integer programming therefore, applied it to obtained optimal number and optimal placement of PMU to Iraq networks (400KV, 132KV) to observability whole system for these two cases.Index Terms-Binary integer programming, observability, optimal PMU placement (OPP), PMU.