Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated1 (Anti-LGI1) autoimmune encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease discovered in recent years. It is generally not defined as an inherited disease, though its etiology is still unclear. Herein, we report the first case of adult patients with familial anti-LGI1 encephalitis. Two biological siblings who worked in different regions were successively diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis in their middle age. The two patients had similar clinical manifestations including imaging results. Their clinical symptoms improved after immunotherapy and antiepileptic therapy. Given that some unique human leukocyte antigen (HLA) subtypes appear at a high frequency, multiple recent studies have revealed that anti-LGI1 encephalitis is associated with genetic susceptibility. One of the patients underwent HLA genotyping and whole-exome sequencing (WES), revealing the same HLA typing as in previous studies and two rare HLA variants. Therefore, further studies involving larger samples and more populations should be conducted to explore the possibility of other influencing factors such as environmental impacts.

Objective To report a case of severe migraine without aura (MwoA) headaches triggered by palpation of the folliculitis around a unilateral nosewing and the folliculitis was chronic before effective treatment for migraine, and to discuss its underlying mechanisms. Background Multiple studies have shown that peripheral mechanisms may be involved in migraine generation and there are few case reports supporting this speculation. But a clinical case demonstrating a reciprocal action between migraine headache and peripheral pathology has never been reported. Methods A case of new onset migraine headache triggered by palpation of the regional facial folliculitis which was chronic but responsive to an effective treatment for migraine was reported. We briefly reviewed the peripheral mechanisms of migraine and the reciprocal action between migraine headache and peripheral pathology. Results A 45-year-old man with chronic folliculitis around the left nosewing of which palpation, each time, would trigger an episode of headache fulfilling the criteria for MwoA by the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3). And the episode of headache would be solely triggered by palpating the facial folliculitis. His chronic folliculitis around the left nosewing did not relieve after treatment with only antibiotics but resolved in the setting of no triggered migraine headache after treatment with sodium valproate. Conclusions In the setting of chronic facial folliculitis, palpating regional area can trigger migraine headache, and in particular, resolution of the chronic facial folliculitis was associated with effective therapy for migraine. This indicates that there is a peripheral and central interaction associated with neurogenic immunomodulation in migraine.