No abstract

Photocatalytic water splitting with clean solar energy is a sustainable way to produce green hydrogen (H2) fuel. Here, an efficient, visible-light-responsive hierarchical Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst is designed by decorating Co9S8 nanoparticles on ZnIn2S4 nanoflower through a two-step solvothermal process for photocatalytic H2 evolution. Two photoactive sulfide–sulfide integrations in a stable, hierarchical, and flower-like Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 heterojunction, provide large surface areas with rich active centers and endow a quick separation and transfer of photoinduced electrons and holes. With the optimal loading amount of Co9S8, the Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst, under visible-light illumination, free of any cocatalysts, reaches a high hydrogen evolution rate of 126.7 μmol h–1 or 12.67 mmol h–1 g–1 with high stability, which is 6 times higher than that of individual ZnIn2S4. Our effort may give some inspirations to the delicate design of competent novel structured photocatalysts for reinforcing photocatalytic performance.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used in children for its clear display of body parts. But it is usually hard to acquire high-quality images, for the uncooperative ability of children. It is believed that pre-MRI training could ensure the high quality of images. The current meta-analysis was done to analyze the current evidences in this field. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched up to July 2018, for studies assessing the effects of training on pediatric MRI. Data, including image quality, failed scanning rate, and sedation use, were extracted and analyzed using Revman 5.2 software. Results: There were 5 studies with 379 subjects in the meta-analysis. Training and control groups were quite comparable when accepted image quality was reviewed ( P = .30), but a lower rate of excellent image quality was found in subjects with training ( P = .02). The pooling results found no significance between training and control group in sedation use ( P = .09) and successful MRI scanning ( P = .63). Conclusions: It is cautious to conclude that pre-MRI training does not improve the image quality and reduce sedation use among children, for the limited number of studies and sample size. More trials should be encouraged to demonstrate this issue.

Background The novel noninvasive pressure-strain loop (PSL) is a reliable tool that reflects myocardial work (MW). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) is the only independent factor for MW indices. However, afterload-related reference values have not been previously reported. The aim of the present study was to establish reference values for MW parameters by wide range SBP grading. Methods We prospectively selected healthy individuals and subjects with SBP ≥ 140 mmHg at the time of study without myocardial remodeling. MW parameters were collected and the reference values achieved were grouped by SBP in 10-mmHg. Results Significant differences were noted among the SBP-groups for global work index (GWI) and global constructive work (GCW). The majority of statistical comparisons of the differences in GWI and GCW were significant at each SBP-group. With SBP ranging from 90 to 189 mmHg, the parameters GWI and GCW tended to increase linearly with afterload. Overall, the global wasted work (GWW) tended to rise as SBP was increased, but not all of the differences noted in GWW were significant for each SBP-group. Global work efficiency (GWE) remained stable across all SBP-groups, with the exception of a slight drop noted when it exceeded 160 mmHg. Conclusions The amount of MW but not the work efficiency varied greatly according to the different afterload. This finding cannot be ignored during clinical research or diagnosis and afterload-related reference values are required to make a reasonable judgment on the myocardial function.