The accuracy of the power battery model and SOC estimation directly affects the vehicle energy management control strategy and the performance of the electric vehicle, which is of great significance to the efficient management of the battery and the improvement of the reliability of the vehicle. Based on the research of domestic and foreign battery models and the previous results of SOC estimation, this paper classifies power battery models into electrochemical mechanism models, equivalent circuit models and data-driven models. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various battery models and current research progress. According to the choice of battery model, the previous research results of the power battery SOC estimation method are divided into three categories: the direct measurement method not based on battery model, the estimation method using black box battery model, and the battery model SOC estimation method based on state space. This paper will summarize and analyze the principles, applicable scenarios and research progress of the three categories of estimation algorithms aiming to provide references for future in-depth research. Finally, in view of the shortcomings of the battery model and estimation algorithm of the existing method, the future improvement direction is proposed.

Scientifically and accurately predicting the state of health (SOH) and remaining useful life (RUL) of batteries is the key technology of automotive battery management systems. The selection of the health indicator (HI) that characterizes battery aging affects the accuracy of the prediction model construction, which in turn affects the accuracy of SOH and RUL estimation. Therefore, this paper analyzes the current status of HI selection for lithium-ion batteries by systematically reviewing the existing literature on the selection of HIs. According to the relationship between HI and battery aging, battery HI can be divided into two categories: direct HI and indirect HI. The capacity and internal resistance of the battery can directly represent the aging degree of the battery and are the direct HIs of the battery. Indirect HIs refer to characteristic parameters extracted from battery charge and discharge data that can characterize the degree of battery aging. This paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various HIs and indirect HIs commonly used in current research, providing useful support and reference for future researchers in selecting HIs to characterize battery aging. Finally, in view of the capacity regeneration phenomenon in the aging process of the battery, the selection direction of future HI is proposed.

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