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Nitrile rubber is a widely used rubber, so its basic mechanical properties are very important. In order to improve the mechanical properties of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), Mg-Al hydrotalcite was introduced into NBR by mechanical blending and hot pressing, and the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The results show that, compared with NBR, the maximum M H -M L of 2%LDH/NBR composites reaches 1.795 NÁm, and an is improved by 8.7%. The T 90 of NBR and 2%LDH/NBR composites insignificant changed. In terms of mechanical performance, the optimal performance is achieved when two parts of layered double hydroxide (LDH) are added. Compared with the original NBR, the tensile elongation at break, tear strength, and 100% modulus stress increased by 11.6%, 7.1%, and 29.1%, respectively. The addition of LDH also has a certain influence on the thermal conductivity of the composites. Compared with the original NBR, the peak thermal conductivity of NBR with two parts of LDH increased by 2.4 mW. Under the condition of low filling, the mechanical properties such as elongation at break and tear strength of LDH/NBR composites have been improved, which provides a reference for the development of mechanical properties research of NBR.