ZnO nanorods were successfully synthesized using ZnCl2 and NaOH as the starting materials without surfactants, template supporting and structure-directing solvent at low temperatures (20 °C 90 °C). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the crystal structure and surface morphology. Analysis of XRD patterns showed that ZnO clusters are single hexagonal phases of wurtzite structure with no other impurities. Also, TEM images revealed that the size of a single ZnO nanorod was between 32 and 60 nm in diameter and between 470 and 740 nm in length. Furthermore, the ZnO nanorods exhibited significant Raman spectrum optical properties suggesting that they have potential for opto-electronic application.

In this paper, in order to resolve contradiction that is between high workability and anti-segregation in fresh concrete, low early strength and poor carbonation resistance property of concrete and high volume fly ash addition, high performance water reducer is used to reduce yield stress in fresh concrete, mineral mixture and flocculating agent are used to adjust viscosity and measure of activation enhances early strength of this concrete.

With using the red mud of Bayer process and industrial hydrochloric acid as main initial materials, iron oxide red was prepared by chemical precipitation technique. The character of the sample were characterized and analyzed by means of XRD, SEM, particle size analyzer, and chemical analysis methods, respectively. The optimal experimental condition of extraction of iron from red mud was obtained, and the key quality indicators of sample was conformed the requirements of iron oxide red by a variety of test and characterization.

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For calcium leaching and loaded concrete in engineering structures, defining the initial damage state as basic state, the damage model of calcium leaching and loaded concrete is established using damage mechanical theory and principle of strain equality. It is shown that the mechanical properties of calcium leaching and loaded concrete are determined by calcium leaching, load and coupling effect. For calcium leaching and loaded concrete, the influence factors to stress at any point are elastic modulus, maximum strain, strain at this point and the degree of calcium leaching.