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Purpose -The purpose of the paper is to give a review of TEAM Problem 21, focus on its extended progress in engineering-oriented developments, and report the new benchmarking activity undertaken by the authors. Design/methodology/approach -Testing electromagnetic analysis methods; verify computation models; detail the field behavior of typical magnetic structure; benefit to large-scale numerical modeling. Findings -The calculated results of power loss and magnetic flux for all the member models agree well with the measured ones. The updated Problem 21 Family can now be used to model the saturation effect in the magnetic plate or the lamination by increasing the exciting currents. The new member model P21 d -M allows further detailed examination of the electromagnetic behavior inside laminated sheets. The variation of both the iron loss and the magnetic flux with the excitation patterns and magnetic property data can be investigated inside the laminated sheets and the magnetic plate. Originality/value -In order to model the possible saturation level of magnetic steel using Ar-V-Ar or T-V solvers, the exciting currents are increased from 10 to 50 A. In order to model the iron loss and magnetic flux densities inside the laminated sheets, a very simplified model, P21 d -M of Problem 21 Family as shown in Figure 2, has been proposed.

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In the South China Sea (SCS), Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (S. oualaniensis) generally has the highest stock density in spring and occupies an important position in fisheries. The responses of S. oualaniensis to marine environments in the north-central SCS in spring (March to May) from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed using satellite and in situ observations, with generalized additive models (GAMs). A high proportion variation in catch per unit effort (CPUE) was explained by environmental variables, including sea surface temperature (SST; explaining 13.8%) and the interaction between SST and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration (explaining 16.9%). SSTs within the range of 24–28°C and Chl-a concentrations within 0.10–0.35 mg/m3 had positive effects on S. oualaniensis CPUE, and SST within 28–29.5°Cand Chl-a concentrations within 0.05–0.20 mg/m3 had negative effects. In addition, the response time of the maximum standardized catch per unit effort (SCPUE) in May to the maximum Chl-a in March was approximately six ten-day time step. The higher Chl-a and smaller stock size of S. oualaniensis in early March 2008 were partly associated with climatic anomalies caused by La Niña in spring and the limitation of S. oualaniensisby low temperature in 2008. The findings in this study can help better protect and manage S. oualaniensis resources in the SCS.