No abstract

A sensitive and selective electrochemical method for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA) using an electropolymerized bromothymol blue (BTB)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was developed. The electrochemically synthesized film was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and voltammetric methods. The electrochemical behavior of the polymer-modified electrode depends on film thickness, i.e., the electropolymyerization time. The poly-BTB-modified GCE shows excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of AA, DA, and UA in phosphate buffer solution (pH 5.0). The voltametric peak separations of AA/DA, DA/UA, and AA/UA on this modified electrode are 118 mV, 298 mV, and 455 mV, respectively. Therefore the voltammetric responses of these three compounds can be resolved well on the polymer-modified electrode, and simultaneous determination of these three compounds can be achieved. In addition, this modified electrode can be successfully applied to determine AA and DA in injection and UA in urine samples without interference.

Human mammaglobin (MG) has been found to be the most specific molecular marker for the hematogenous spread of breast cancer cells. In our study, an electrochemical impedance spectroscopic DNA biosensor was established for the detection of MG in breast cancer patients. The working conditions for the biosensor, such as immobilization time, rinse process, and hybridization process, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the charge transfer resistance of the proposed DNA biosensor shows excellent correlation with the amount of the complementary oligonucleotides in the range from 1.0 × 10(-9) to 2.0 × 10(-8) M. The detection limit is 5.0 × 10(-10) M. The proposed biosensor was used to detect the polymerase chain reaction amplification products of actual clinical breast cancer samples. The results were compared with that obtained by conventional gel electrophoresis. The results indicate that the electrochemical impedance spectroscopic assay is significantly sensitive and time-saving. The simple strategy described here is expected to be used in clinical application for early diagnosis of breast cancer.