Ah ost-guest complex self-assembled through Co 2+ and cucurbit[5]uril (Co@CB[5]) is used as as upramolecular catalyst on the surface of metal oxides including porous indium tin oxide (ITO) and porous BiVO 4 for efficient electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation. When immobilized on ITO, Co@CB[5] exhibited at urnover frequency (TOF) of 9.9 s À1 at overpotential h = 550 mV in ap H9.2 borate buffer. Meanwhile,w hen Co@CB[5] complex was immobilized onto the surface of BiVO 4 semiconductor,t he assembled Co@CB-[5]/BiVO 4 photoanode exhibited al ow onset potential of 0.15 V(vs.R HE) and ah igh photocurrent of 4.8 mA cm À2 at 1.23 V(vs.R HE) under 100 mW cm À2 (AM 1.5) light illumination. Kinetic studies confirmed that Co@CB[5] acts as asupramolecular water oxidation catalyst, and can effectively accelerate interfacial charge transfer between BiVO 4 and electrolyte.S urface charge recombination of BiVO 4 can be also significantly suppressed by Co@CB[5].

N-type silicon is a kind of semiconductor with a narrow band gap that has been reported as an outstanding light-harvesting material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) reactions. Decorating a thin catalyst layer on the n-type silicon surface can provide a direct and effective route toward PEC water oxidation. However, most of catalyst immobilization methods for reported n-type silicon photoanodes have been based on energetically demanding, time-consuming, and high-cost processes. Herein, a high-performance NiFeP alloy (NiFeP)-decorated n-type micro-pyramid silicon array (n-Si) photoanode (NiFeP/n-Si) was prepared by a fast and low-cost electroless deposition method for light-driven water oxidation reaction. The saturated photocurrent density of NiFeP/n-Si can reach up to ∼40 mA cm–2, and a photocurrent density of 15.5 mA cm–2 can be achieved at 1.23 VRHE under light illumination (100 mW cm–2, AM1.5 filter), which is one of the most promising silicon-based photoanodes to date. The kinetic studies showed that the NiFeP on the silicon photoanodes could significantly decrease the interfacial charge recombination between the n-type silicon surface and electrolyte.

Ah ost-guest complex self-assembled through Co 2+ and cucurbit[5]uril (Co@CB[5]) is used as as upramolecular catalyst on the surface of metal oxides including porous indium tin oxide (ITO) and porous BiVO 4 for efficient electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation. When immobilized on ITO, Co@CB[5] exhibited at urnover frequency (TOF) of 9.9 s À1 at overpotential h = 550 mV in ap H9.2 borate buffer. Meanwhile,w hen Co@CB[5] complex was immobilized onto the surface of BiVO 4 semiconductor,t he assembled Co@CB-[5]/BiVO 4 photoanode exhibited al ow onset potential of 0.15 V(vs.R HE) and ah igh photocurrent of 4.8 mA cm À2 at 1.23 V(vs.R HE) under 100 mW cm À2 (AM 1.5) light illumination. Kinetic studies confirmed that Co@CB[5] acts as asupramolecular water oxidation catalyst, and can effectively accelerate interfacial charge transfer between BiVO 4 and electrolyte.S urface charge recombination of BiVO 4 can be also significantly suppressed by Co@CB[5].

The collision and adhesion behavior of particles and bubbles is the key to flotation. Many scholars have investigated the collision and adhesion law of regularly shaped and homogeneous particles (glass beads, glass fiber), but the particles in flotation cells are irregular and heterogeneous. Therefore, it is necessary to take actual coal samples as the research object. First, based on previous research, a particle–bubble collision and adhesion behavior measurement device was set up to study free falling coal particles with different surface properties colliding and adhering to a bubble (db = 1.0 mm). Then bituminous coal from Inner Mongolia was taken as the test object, and the collision and adhesion process of a large amount of coal particles was traced. The entire process is photographically recorded by a camera and analyzed frame by frame through a self-designed software. Finally, the relationship between collision angle and initial settlement position (initial), particle velocity (process), and adhesion efficiency (result) was studied by taking the collision angle as the cut-in point. It was found that both the distribution range of the initial settlement position and the particle central distribution interval are expanding outward with the increase of collision angle. The resistance layer has an important influence on the velocity of particles. The collision angle had an effect on adhesion efficiency and the adhesion efficiency of low-density particles was higher than that of high-density particles.

To study the effects of different oxygen functional groups on the quality of flotation clean low-rank coal, two kinds of collectors with different oxygen-containing functional groups, methyl laurate, and dodecanol, were selected and their flotation behaviors were investigated. The Bulianta coal was the typical sub-bituminous coal in China, and the coal molecular model of which was constructed based on proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, 13C-NMR, and XPS. The chemical structure model of the coal molecule was optimized, and the periodic boundary condition was added via the method of molecular dynamics methods. The different combined systems formed by collectors, water, and a model surface of Bulianta coal have been studied using molecular dynamics simulation. The simulation results of dodecanol and methyl laurate on the surface of Bulianta coal show that dodecanol molecules are not evenly adsorbed on the surface of coal, and have higher adsorption capacity near carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, but less adsorption capacity near carbonyl and ether bonds. Methyl laurate can completely cover the oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface. Compared with dodecanol, methyl laurate can effectively improve the hydrophobicity of the Bulianta coal surface, which is consistent with the results of the XPS test and the flotation test.