Abstracts: Cold-induced RNA-binding protein (CIRP) and RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) have recently been reported to be involved in cold stress in mammals. These proteins are expressed at low levels in various normal cells, tissues, and organs but can be upregulated upon stimulation by multiple stressors. Studies have shown that CIRP and RBM3 are multifunctional RNA molecular chaperones with different biological functions in various physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as reproductive development, the inflammatory response, the immune response, nerve injury regulation, and tumorigenesis. This paper reviews recent studies on the structure, localization and correlation of CIRP and RBM3 with reproductive development and reproductive system diseases.