HDAC8 is a class I histone deacetylase that functions in a variety of biological processes through its non-histone substrates. However, its roles during oocyte meiosis remain elusive. Here, we document that HDAC8 localizes at spindle poles and positively participates in the regulation of microtubule organization and spindle assembly in mouse oocytes. Depletion of HDAC8 by siRNA-based gene silencing results in various spindle defects and chromosome misalignment during oocyte meiotic maturation, accompanied by impaired kinetochore-microtubule attachments. Consequently, a higher incidence of aneuploidy is generated in HDAC8-depleted MII eggs. In addition, inhibition of HDAC8 activity with its selective inhibitor PCI-34051 phenocopies the spindle/chromosome defects resulting from HDAC8 depletion by siRNA injection. Finally, we find that HDAC8 is required for the correct localization of ϕ-tubulin to spindle poles. Collectively, these data reveal that HDAC8 plays a significant role in regulating spindle assembly and thus ensuring the euploidy in mouse eggs.

Objective:Premature ejaculation (PE) is regarded as one of the most common male sexual dysfunctions. This review introduced several pharmaceutical and surgical methods for the management of PE. The definition, etiology, behavioral, and psychological therapy of PE were also discussed.Data sources:“Premature,” “ejaculation,” or “sexual dysfuction” were used as the medical subject headings (MeSH) to obtain relevant articles before June 2019 on Pubmed, Google Scholar and CNKI. Most articles used were written in English and several Chinese articles were also cited.Study selection:Full-text articles of retrospective/prospective/randomized controlled trials were analyzed. Animal experiments and letters were excluded.Results:There are four PE sub-types: lifelong PE, acquired PE, natural variable PE, and subjective PE. Behavioral therapy, psychotherapy, medication, topical anesthetics, and surgery are currently used for the treatment of PE. However, all the above treatments have limitations. Therefore, novel ways should be investigated to more efficiently control PE.Conclusions:The pharmaceutical therapy that is currently being used in clinical practice for the management of PE is still the main choice globally due to its good efficacy. Surgery may be a choice for patients who are resistant to medication. However, it should be performed cautiously.

In order to correctly identify the motor unit action potential trains (MUAPTs) in estimated discharges from dynamic surface electromyogram (EMG), an approach for accurate classification of motor unit (MU) discharges is presented. First, the estimated discharges are obtained manually, then the estimated discharges are classified as MUAPTs based on the MU location, which combines the MU depth with the MU plane position. During verification in dynamic muscle contractions, the advanced tripole model is introduced. At SNRs of 10, 20 and 30[Formula: see text]dB, the MUAPTs were identified with true positive rate (TPR) of 91.1[Formula: see text]5.5%, 95.2[Formula: see text]3.7% and 96.1[Formula: see text]2.9%. The results also show that the MU location can be used as a simple method for identifying MUAPT from estimated discharges and selecting reliably decomposed discharges. The newly introduced method is a robust and reliable indicator of MUAPT identification accuracy.