Rationally tailored intercalation for two-dimensional (2D) layered MXene materials has aroused extraordinary enthusiasm for broadening their applications. Herein, a novel sandwiched structural 2D MXene-iron oxide (MXI) material, prepared by selectively exfoliating an Al layer followed by magnetic ferric oxide intercalation, exhibits remarkable applicability to trace phosphate sequestration in the environmental remediation realm. Compared with commercial adsorbents, the resultant MXI nanocomposite exhibits a fast separation in 120 s together with the superior treatment capacities of 2100 kg and 2400 kg per kg in simulated and real phosphate wastewater applications, respectively. Such efficient sequestration is ascribed to the formation of a unique nano-ferric oxide morphology. The ultrafine nano-Fe2O3 particles can intercalate into the interior layers of MXene, widening the layer distance, and stimulating the available overlapping activated layers; while the efficient phosphate removal can be achieved by the strong complexation onto the embedded magnetic nano-Fe3O4 with a unique sandwich-structure as well as the stimulated Ti-O terminal within MXene. Apart from the fact that this approach suggests a complementary means for environmental remediation, it opens a new trajectory to achieve the functionalization of MXene.

SummaryAs an important agronomic trait, leaf rolling in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has attracted much attention from plant biologists and breeders. Moderate leaf rolling increases the amount of photosynthesis in cultivars and hence raises grain yield. Here, we describe the map-based cloning of the gene RL14, which was found to encode a 2OG-Fe (II) oxygenase of unknown function. rl14 mutant plants had incurved leaves because of the shrinkage of bulliform cells on the adaxial side. In addition, rl14 mutant plants displayed smaller stomatal complexes and decreased transpiration rates, as compared with the wild type. Defective development could be rescued functionally by the expression of wild-type RL14. RL14 was transcribed in sclerenchymatous cells in leaves that remained wrapped inside the sheath. In mature leaves, RL14 accumulated mainly in the mesophyll cells that surround the vasculature. Expression of genes related to secondary cell wall formation was affected in rl14-1 mutants, and cellulose and lignin content were altered in rl14-1 leaves. These results reveal that the RL14 gene affects water transport in leaves by affecting the composition of the secondary cell wall. This change in water transport results in water deficiency, which is the major reason for the abnormal shape of the bulliform cells.

A first step in refining traditional holistic models is to In this paper, the acid-base properties of illite/water suspen-isolate and analyze the surface reaction mechanisms of difsions are examined using the constant capacitance surface com-ferent components in natural particles. Of particular interest plexation model. On the basis of results of potentiometric titrations are clays, since they are the dominant components in natural and solubility experiments, we conclude that the proton reactions minerals. As to what has already been done in this area, and montmorillonite (a 2:1 layer-type clay mineral). For the Evaluation of these two models indicates that both of them cangive good descriptions of the experimental data of systems with study of kaolinite (8), in addition to the amphoteric surface different illite concentrations and ionic strengths and that the one hydroxyl group, GSOH, they postulate a second surface site-one pK a model can be considered as a simplification of the functional group, GXH, which is weakly acidic and can two sites-two pK a s model. Since both models assume only depro-undergo ion exchange with cations from the background tonation reactions at the illite surfaces, they suggest that the sur-electrolyte. For the study of montmorillonite (9), besides face behavior of the illite is similar to that of amorphous SiO 2 .GSOH and GXH, another surface hydroxyl group GTOH, Model assumptions, experimental procedures, and evaluative cri-which undergoes one deprotonation reaction, is incorporated teria are detailed in the paper. ᭧ 1997 Academic Press to evaluate the surface acid-base behaviors. Wieland and