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To explain superconductivities and make up for the lack of current theory, a new quantum theory of cold electron was proposed. The key point is that we accepted the concept of electron orbital rotation instead of traditional electron spin. It leads to an important conclusion that the electron at low temperature is running in a flat orbital. The physical mechanism of superconductivities is so explained preferably. Under the assumption that the electrons have their motion tracks and the tracks can be described in atoms, the situations of electron will be changed a lot. The new concept of cold electron is then established. It means that the electrons can feel temperature. The Schrödinger function is the function of ideal electron indeed. Hot electron looks like the electron of the ideal electron. As temperature goes much lower, the electron orbits will obviously departure to what Schrödinger function described, and run in a flat one. The orbital shape of paired electron depends on temperature, transitioning from three-to two-dimension. Comparing the orbital shape to that of common electron, the paired cold electron saved quite some space in atomic crystal lattice. It created the preconditions for the phase transition at low critical temperature.