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The bacterial diversity of salted mackerel “one‐night courtyard” at soft frozen area (−7℃–0℃) storage was studied. The fish samples at 0, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days were analysis for bacterial structure using high‐throughput sequencing technologies (HTS) and biogenic amines using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis results of HTS showed that the dominant bacteria species was varied gradually following with storage time. On the 0th, 21st, and 28th days of storage, dominant Vibrionaceae was accounting for 71.70%, 59.16%, and 70.68% of the total sequences analyzed, respectively. On the 14th and 35th days, Shewanellaceae was the dominant bacterial, accounting for 87.53% and 70.95% of the total sequences analyzed, respectively. In addition, 21st and 28th days, an abundance of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) was top. The dominant bacterial of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, was producer of biogenic amines. Furthermore, the analysis results of HPLC shown the total biogenic amines of maximum amount 363.01 mg/kg in the sample of HY.14 lower than 1000 mg/kg of the FDA regulation. The range ability of cadaverine was obvious following with the storage time. Cadaverine was 87.36 mg/kg on the 0th day, and it was maximum amount of 276.89 mg/kg on the 14th days. Putrescine was 20 mg/kg on the 0th day and maximum amount of 55.04 mg/kg on the 28thdays of storage. The tyramine was smallest amount of production, and the largest amount was 38.99 mg/kg on 28th, and the smallest amount was 11.97 mg/kg on 35th. Nevertheless, the maximum amount of histamine was 55.04 mg/kg on the 0th day and about 23.14 mg/kg of histamine was little change from 14th to 35th days of storage. Dominant bacteria affect the change of biogenic amines. The study can help understand the interaction between microbial flora and biogenic amines in the salted mackerel of one‐night courtyard.

well established that although they all have layered structures, the occurrence of a sharp peak at 0.41 nm in WAXS pattern is the qualitative characteristic to distinguish α-gel from others, which was attributed to hexagonally packed sub-lattice structure of it 7) . Additionally, the excellent benefits to the skin (including hydration, improvement in the absorbency of actives, etc.) have been described in many researches and attracting wider attention, which were closely linked to the structural resemblance between α-crystalline gel phase and the intercellular lipid of keratinocytes 8) .However, although plenty of studies towards lamellar gel phase mainly composed of poly-ethoxylated alcohol/fatty acid, ionic or cationic emulsifier waxes have been carried out in recent decades 9−12) , yet relatively few information about the gel phase of environmental-friendly and degradable surfactants, like sucrose fatty acid esters, is available 13) .Unlike the polyether and ionized emulsifier proved to be irritating and potentially harmful to the skin to a certain extent, sucrose ester is a kind of biodegradable, safe and