Relations between maternal mind-mindedness, parenting stress and obstetric history were investigated in a Chinese sample comprising of 96 mother-infant dyads (infants' mean age = 15.95 months, mean maternal age = 30 years). Parenting stress and obstetric history were assessed through questionnaires while mind-mindedness was observed through a 10minute video recording of mother-infant interactions. Results indicated that among mothers who perceived the pregnancy to have been difficult, those who had planned to conceive were more likely to comment appropriately on their infants' mental states than those who had unplanned conceptions. Appropriate mind-related and non-attuned comments were unrelated to mothers' recollections of their first contact with their newborns. Mothers who displayed a highly emotional reaction of an exclusively positive nature were in the lower parent distress category and experienced lower total parenting stress scores than those who responded neutrally when their babies were first given to them. Controlling for maternal education and income, mothers who were more mind-mindedness had lower levels of parenting stress. Main carer status and daily time spent with child were related to parenting stress. The results are discussed in relation to the need to consider socio-cultural factors that might shape antenatal Maternal Mind-Mindedness Among Chinese Mothers 3 perceptions and influence parenting stress which in turn affect a mother's relationship with her child.