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Natural antioxidants could inhibit ROS production and attenuate injury, which is important event of cardiovascular diseases. Water caltrop pericarps from three different Chinese water caltrop cultivars were collected and extracted using 70% methanol and hot water (WCPE). WCPE exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities tested by DPPH assay. Incubation with 100μM H2O2 for 1 h would reduce viability of HUVECs to 76.46±0.05%, decrease SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities to 12.50±0.06, 10.08±0.57 and 107.98±2.68 U/mg protein compared with 20.57±0.02, 22.56±0.41 and 215.28±23.13 U/mg protein of normal cells, increase MDA content from 3.31±0.38 to 9.52±1.87 nmol/mg protein. Pre-treatment, post-treatment and simultaneous with WCPE could attenuate HUVECs injury and recover the viability to 107.77±0.06%, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities to 19.11±0.02, 26.14±0.89 and 192.62±7.75 U/mg protein and MDA content to 4.31±0.71 nmol/mg protein. These results suggested that WCPE attenuates H2O2-induced HUVECs injury through promoting proliferation, enhance antioxidant enzymes activities and reduce lipid peroxidation.

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The connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) is promised to ease congestion in the future with the rapid development of related technologies in recent years. To explore the characteristics of mixed-traffic flow and the dynamic transmission mechanism, this paper firstly detailed the car-following model of different vehicle types, establishing the fundamental diagram of the mixed-traffic flow through considering the different penetration rates and fleet size of CAV. Secondly, this paper constructed the lane-changing judgment mechanism based on the random utility theory. Finally, the paper proposed a lane-level dynamic cell transmission process, combined with a lane-changing strategy and cell transmission model. The effectiveness and feasibility of the model are verified using simulation analysis. This model makes a systematic, theoretical analysis from the perspective of the internal operation mechanism of traffic flow, and the lane-level traffic strategy provides a theoretical basis for balancing urban lane distribution and intelligent traffic management and control.

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