The discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) about 20 years ago was a remarkable achievement not only in the field of immunology but also in the field of medicine. The TLRs are a family of pattern recognition receptors which play an important role in immune responses by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The TLRs also recognize danger-associated molecular patterns, which are associated with some diseases such as cancer. Recent evidence shows that TLRs are expressed not only in immune cells but also in tumor cells. The TLRs appear to play a role in tumor progression and treatment. Most likely, TLR activation has an impact on the initiation, development and treatment of tumors by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment. However, the activation of TLRs contributes to both inhibition and promotion of various tumors, with unclear underlying mechanisms. In this review article, the authors elucidate their current understanding about the role of TLRs in tumor progression, as well as the recent progress in utilizing TLR agonists as potential therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key receptors in innate immunity and inflammation and are expressed not only in innate immune cells but also in different cancer cells. Increasing evidences demonstrate that TLRs play an important role in the initiation and progression of cancer and metabolism. Currently we have limited therapeutic options to treat patients with advanced non-resectable, recurrent and metastatic breast cancer. An innate immunity-mediated anticancer immunotherapy, alone or in combination with other therapies, represents a promising novel approach. Indeed, some agonists and antagonists of TLRs have been utilized for anticancer immunotherapy in clinical trials. Thus, TLRs are not only involved in immune responses against pathogen infection but also play an important role in cancer immunity, and represent important targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the recent progress about the role of TLRs in breast cancer development.

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Abstract. To pretend enterprises tamper data when environment protection administration check of law enforcement examination, in this study we structure a coal-fired power plant technology process model based on OPMSE by introducing Petri net concept. Through analog simulation, based on quantitative relation and law of conservation of mass to definite the actual inventory and discharge amount, we confirm whether the on-line monitoring data is true or not by comparing the simulating data with the available data.