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Composite structures have played a significant role in enhancing airplane’s performance However, defects inside can be a potential threat to flight safety. To resolve the hazard. FMECA was applied to the defect analysis of composite structures on airplane’s wing. And the failure mode of the highest criticality was found to be the impact damage. Then impact test on typical composite laminates was carried out. The caused damage was qualitatively analysed and proved impact of low energy brings latent risk. Practical solution was put forward to improve the safety or reliability of the applied composites in the airplane.