Featured Application: A proposed smart manufacturing system has the ability to adapt to manufacturing changes. Abstract:The complexity and dynamic of the manufacturing environment are growing due to the changes of manufacturing demand from mass production to mass customization that require variable product types, small lot sizes, and a short lead-time to market. Currently, the automatic manufacturing systems are suitable for mass production. To cope with the changes of the manufacturing environment, the paper proposes the model and technologies for developing a smart cyber-physical manufacturing system (Smart-CPMS). The transformation of the actual manufacturing systems to the Smart-CPMS is considered as the next generation of manufacturing development in Industry 4.0. The Smart-CPMS has advanced characteristics inspired from biology such as self-organization, self-diagnosis, and self-healing. These characteristics ensure that the Smart-CPMS is able to adapt with continuously changing manufacturing requirements. The model of Smart-CPMS is inherited from the organization of living systems in biology and nature. Consequently, in the Smart-CPMS, each resource on the shop floor such as machines, robots, transporters, and so on, is an autonomous entity, namely a cyber-physical system (CPS) which is equipped with cognitive capabilities such as perception, reasoning, learning, and cooperation. The Smart-CPMS adapts to the changes of manufacturing environment by the interaction among CPSs without external intervention. The CPS implementation uses the cognitive agent technology. Internet of things (IoT) with wireless networks, radio frequency identification (RFID), and sensor networks are used as information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure for carrying out the Smart-CPMS.Currently, manufacturing demands are changing from mass production to mass customization, which is focused on exclusive and individualized demand [2,3]. This trend requires the manufacturing systems to have the ability to adapt to the fast change of the manufacturing environment. To face this challenge, the new trend of manufacturing system development is to apply autonomous behaviors inspired from living systems and nature to have the sustainable manufacturing systems. Industry 4.0 enables the realization of sustainable manufacturing using the ubiquitous information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure [4]. National strategies for developing smart manufacturing systems are focused on by both developing and developed countries [5,6]. The development of manufacturing not only considers technological innovations but also economic, social and environmental effects [4,7]. In the literature, many novel paradigms known as intelligent manufacturing systems (IMS) [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] have been proposed such as holonic [16], biological [17], reconfigurable [18], and cloud manufacturing systems [19].In the manufacturing field, Industry 4.0 is characterized by the autonomous systems with cyber and physical representation [20]...

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This paper first describes the AM-FM demodulation of an arterial pressure signal. Although it is known to be efficient on signals modulated by breathing, we demonstrate that in case of lack of respiratory modulation (real or simulated central sleep apnea), the AM-FM algorithm doesn't perform well in heart rate extraction. We introduce then a new algorithm based on Singular Spectrum Analysis eigenvalues which performs better cardiac frequency estimation in this context. Respiratory estimation is possible but is beyond the scope of this paper. The error for cardiac frequency estimation is around 0.2 BPM (Beats Per Minute) versus 5.5 BPM for the AM-FM demodulation. Further experimentations will be performed (with this time both cardiac and respiratory assessments) and will deal with real sleep apnea cases.