This paper proposes a multi-objective trajectory optimization method to be used in the planning of environmentally efficient commercial aircraft trajectories. The problem of finding environmentally efficient trajectories is treated as an optimal control problem that is solved by applying a direct method of trajectory optimisation. The method involves an inverse trajectory parameterisation technique, methods for the calculation of environmental objectives, and the use of a multiobjective version of the Differential Evolution algorithm. The principal benefit of the method relative to previous work is that it allows the fast generation of Pareto optimal fronts between several competing objectives. This allows the decision maker to make informed decisions about potential trade-offs between different environmental goals.

To achieve a sustainable future for air transport, the International Civil Aviation Organization has proposed goals for reductions in community noise impact, local air quality and climate impacting emissions. The paper focuses on the contribution aircraft operations make to those goals. It describes a multiobjective optimisation methodology intended to support the planning of environmentally efficient departure procedures. The methodology treats the problem as a multiobjective optimal control problem that is solved through the application of a direct method of trajectory optimisation and a multiobjective version of the Differential Evolution algorithm. The method generates Pareto fronts between several competing objectives allowing the decision maker to make informed decisions about potential trade-offs between different environmental goals. The methodology is demonstrated through its application to a real world many objective procedure optimisation study. The method supported in depth analysis of the problem not achievable through existing methods and was used to identify a solutions set that offered improvements in all environmental objectives relative to the existing procedure design.