Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 5 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, renazinchenko@mail.ru The paper considers addresses an age-sex structure of urban and rural populations of Karachay-Cherkess Republic and evaluated the load of hereditary diseases in three age cohorts of the population -pre-productive, reproductive and post-productive. Pre-productive population group is the smallest one and does not exceed one quarter in both urban and rural population. The most numerous group -the reproductive population -is approximately 2/5 of the nominal payroll. The graphical analysis shows all the socio-economic upheavals of the last century, which affect the reproductive behavior of the population. Every an urban women of reproductive age haves 0,98 children on the average, while children of rural one -1,14. The load of monogenic hereditary pathology is highest in the pre-productive age group (of 11.57 cases per 1000 people in the rural population) , below while the lowest is all -in the post-productive cohort (1.43 cases per 1000 in urban population). The data allow us to estimate the necessary amount of medical and genetic services in different age cohorts of the population. Keywords: age and sex structure, the load of monogenic hereditary pathology, Karachay-Cherkessia Republic.

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