In 1862, Austin Flint (1) found that cholesterol accumulated in the blood in obstructive jaundice.Fifty years later Widal, Weill, and Laudat (2) pointed out that the hypercholesterolemia of obstructive jaundice is due in large measure to increase in serum free cholesterol in contradistinction to that of nephrosis, where both free and esterified cholesterol are greater than normal.More recently (3-5) it has been shown that plasma phospholipid increases even more than cholesterol, so that the ratio of total cholesterol to phospholipid is appreciably less than normal.The serum lipoproteins have also been measured in patients with liver disease. Pierce and Gofman (6) examined the sera of thirty-two patients with cirrhosis and found levels of the Sf 10-20 class slightly higher than normal. They also studied forty-eight cases of acute hepatitis (7) and found elevations of the Sf 0-100 components with the largest increase in the Sf [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] class. The increased concentrations correlated most closely with the presence of jaundice and tended to decrease when the jaundice subsided. McGinley, Jones, and Gofman (8) found a huge increase in the Sf 6 and Sf 8 groups, with varying increase in Sf 10-17 in five cases of biliary cirrhosis. By starch zone electrophoresis, Kunkel and Slater (9) observed that in biliary cirrhosis there was a high peak consisting predominantly of phospholipid which had the same relative mobility as normal beta lipoproteins. The concentration of alpha lipoproteins was extremely low.