Aim: To determine the Plasmid DNA profile of the multidrug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the clinical isolates. Materials and Methods: Of the 150 clinical samples (Ear swab, Urine, Wound swab, Sputa and Semen) , 36 (24%) yielded significant growth of P. aeruginosa. Samples were cultured on MacConkey and Blood agar. Clinical isolates were identified using standard method. Antibiotics susceptibility test employing agar disc diffusion method was used. Clinical isolates were subjected to Plasmid DNA profiling and curing test was carried out at Lahor Molecular Laboratory. This was followed by a post plasmid curing susceptibility test. Agarose gel electrophoresis was carried out to separate the Plasmid DNA using standard method. Bands were visualized using UV illuminator. Results: Wound swabs had the highest numbers of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa (55.6%) followed by Urine, Semen, Sputa and Ear swab (19.4%, 11.0%, 8.3%, and 5.6%) respectively. Before the isolates were cured of their plasmid, 39% of the P. aeruginosa strains were found to be resistant to Ciprofloxacin (CPX), 47%, Ofloxacin (OFX), 44% Pefloxacin (PEF) and 56% Sparfloxacin (SPX). After plasmid curing, the new antibiogram of the isolates showed that some clinical isolates that hitherto were resistant to a given Fluoroquinolone became susceptible, 36% to CPX, 12% to OFX, 12.5% to PEF and 15% to SPX. Agarose gel electrophoresis carried out on the Plasmid DNA revealed that there was detectable Plasmid DNA in 13.9% of the clinical isolates analyzed. Conclusion: There is an alarming increase of clinical infections caused by multidrug resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.13.9% of the multidrug resistance strains of P. aeruginosa in Benin City were Plasmid mediated. Treatment should be based on current Laboratory Susceptibility Test results of the isolates.

Prevalence of cervical Human Papillomavirus infection and type distribution vary with different environments. Knowledge of this will help in some cervical cancer interventions such as vaccine administration. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of cervical HPV infection among women attending a tertiary hospital in Awka, Nigeria. To evaluate cervical HPV Infections, cervical samples were collected over a period of 1 year from 405 consenting women. Multiplex PCR and cytology were used in the study. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the demographic characteristics of the participants. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistics version 21. The findings showed that of the 405 women, 387 (94.4%) had normal cytology, and 18 (4.4%) had Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL). There was no High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL). HPV prevalence of (79) 19.5% was obtained overall in the 405 women, (75 of 387) 19.4% with normal cytology, (4 of 18) 22.2% with LSIL. Age specific prevalence peaked at age group 30 -39 and a second peak at 60 -69. HPV types obtained were HPV 16 31 (7.7%), HPV 18 24 (5.9%), HPV 35 3 (0.7%), HPV 33 9 (2.2%), HPV 68 3 (0.7%) and multiple infections (9) 2.2%. HPV 16 was the only type found in LSIL. Regular HPV typing and screening of our women for HPV infection and Pap's smear can go a long way in the reduction of cervical cancer.

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Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection around the world. It is a major aetiological factor in chronic gastric carcinoma and gastric mucosal associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. A study on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was carried out among 204 clients comprised 118 males and 86 females aged 11-50years between September,2019 to march,2020.Blood samples were collected from clients and analyzed to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori using Global Device H.pylori Antibody Rapid test cassette. Out of 204 clients screened 120 (58.8%) were positive for Helicobacter pylori. The result shows that males were more infected than females with 64(31.4%) and 56(27.4%) positive cases respectively. The infection varied according to age group where 31-40years age had the highest infection rate of 80(27.9%),followed by 21-30years 57(20.1%),41-50years 12(5.9%) and age group 11-20years had the least prevalence 10(4.9%).Distribution according to marital status shows that single had higher prevalence of 77(37.7%) and married had the least 43(21.1%).The distribution according to sources of drinking water shows that sachet water had the highest prevalent 81(38.2%),followed by bore hole 27(14.7%),well 10(4.9%) and pipe-borne water had the least 2(1.0%),stream/rivers had zero prevalence. There was no statistical significance relationship different between age, sex, marital status and sources of drinking water and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among the clients examined. This study recorded a higher prevalence rate of Helicobacter pylori infection among clients studied strongly suggest public health enlightenment campaign on Helicobacter pylori causes and prevention should be promoted and strengthened .Good personal and environmental hygiene, provision of clean portable drinking water will significantly reduced the burden of the infection. Authors recommend the inclusion of private medical laboratory into government health policies on Helicobacter pylori.