Mots cle´s : Champ de contrainte Tien-Shan Cine ´matique et dynamique de faille Structures ge ´ologiques Me ´canismes au foyer de tremblements de terre Dislocations sismiques De ´formations re ´siduelles A B S T R A C TThis article summarizes field studies of morphometric features of crack systems, kinematic and dynamic data of fault zones and discrete faults, the fault slip data set of epicentral zones of strong earthquakes of Tien-Shan-Suusamyr (1992, ; = 7.3), Tavaksay (1977, ; = 5.2), and Karatag (1907, ; = 7.0, 7.2, 7.3, 6.2). Average and local directions of tectonic stress axes were reconstructed based on geologic and structural data. The structural-dynamic architecture of crustal blocks in epicentral zones was also compiled. Comparative analysis shows that in the entire area studied, the regional stress field is characterized by the NW orientation of the maximal compression axis, NE orientation of the minimal compression axis, i.e., the relative tension. Different mechanisms of shear deformations (i.e., the opposite directions of the offsets) coexist under the same stress field within the Suusamyrtau and Karzhantau areas. The influence of the Talass-Fergana shear zone is clearly revealed here. An alternation of compression and tension domains was observed within the Gissar area. Similar stress field diagrams were noticed for the various earthquake epicenter areas, which were identified using structural geology data, and earthquake focal mechanism studies through seismologic data. The methods used allow the forecasting of the epicentral mechanism based on field data collected during tectonic studies in areas exposed to seismic hazard.

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The description of the received new results of field geological (teсtonophysical) study of massifs of rocks is provided: tectonic jointing, explosive and folded deformations, mirrors of slidings, tectonic motions of blocks of breeds. Reconstruction of fields of tension according to geological data of the certain massif of the Chatkalo-Kurama mountain area (Tien-Shan)-a coastal zone of the Charvak reservoir and the Almalyk mining industrial region is executed. The multidirectional motions of blocks of rocks in the massif of a coastal zone of the Charvak reservoir connected with tectonic and technogenic factors are revealed. The scheme of kinematics and the intense deformed condition of blocks of the Almalyk district is received. Here the regional field of tension with horizontal and submeridional orientation of an axis of the main normal tension of compression at the inclined provision of two other axes are observed. The received results testify to opportunities field the tectonophysical of methods for obtaining important data on kinematics and dynamics of massifs of rocks, tectonic blocks, and features of their deformation. Such studying of the massif of rocks before the beginning and in the course of performance of work on objects of the national economy is important for the choice of design and optimum parameters of laying of excavations, control of a condition of their boards and walls, definition of strategy of safety of conducting mining operations and also seismic stability of constructions.

The article describes the results of a study of changes in the composition and hydrogeochemical parameters of individual areas and fields of the Bukhara-Khiva region based on well materials. Vertical zonality of hydrogeochemical parameters associated with deep fluid flow and heat and mass transfer is noted. The manifestation of tectonodynamic conditions in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic history of the region, which served as a prerequisite for the formation of weakened zones (channels of deep heat and mass transfer) in the field of tensile stresses for the vertical migration of fluids and juvenile gases, is noted. A hydrogeological criterion for identifying zones of deep heat and mass transfer and vertical fluid migration is proposed. Keywords: wells; oil and gas; formation waters; fluids; hydrogeochemical indicators of formation waters; heat and mass transfer.

There is a description of the results of studies of deformation regimes and reconstruction of stress fields of certain time intervals of the Mesozoic – Cenozoic history of the western part of the Tien Shan based on the geological and structural data and earthquake focal mechanisms. The relevance of research is determined by the existing difficulties in the age reference of paleostress fields, which is associated with the retrospective nature of the initial data and the features of geological evolution, as well as the existence of controversial, unresolved issues regarding the development of the western periclinal part of the Tien Shan in the Mesozoic – Cenozoic. The aim of the research is to reconstruct the rank components of paleostresses in the earth’s crust in the western part of the Tien Shan at separate stages of the Mesozoic – Cenozoic development. The time intervals for which the stress field diagrams were obtained represent cyclically manifested phases of the first-rank rhythms, which are characterized by alternation of different deformation modes. The method for reconstructing paleostresses was based on the concept of the formation of superimposed systems of cracks of various generations, which were sequentially manifested at various stages of the development of deformation processes. Analysis of the data showed that with increasing age of rocks the number of different fracture systems actually increases – the earlier systems are superimposed by the later. At the same time, the characteristic elements in Quaternary rocks manifest themselves in different ways in the older rocks. This allows them to be used for the reconstruction of the Late Cenozoic stress field based on mass measurements of fracturing in rocks of earlier Mesozoic – Cenozoic ages. Based on the step-by-step identification of the heterochronous cracks system and determination of a pair of maxima of the fracture density with asymmetric scattering, region-based diagrams of the first-rank stress fields were obtained for different stages of manifestation of Mesozoic – Cenozoic deformation regimes: 1 – from the Permian-Triassic to the Middle Jurassic; 2 – Middle-Late Jurassic; 3 – Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous; 4 – Late Cretaceous – Paleocene – Eocene; 5 – Oligocene – Quaternary. The results obtained indicate the alternation of compression and extension phases, first-rank for the region, and give an idea of the main trends in its geodynamic evolution. They can be used in the development of a tectodynamic model of the region.