An in vitro assay measuring the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Coridothymus capitatus (Spanish origanum), Satureja montana, Thymus mastichina (Spanish Origanum majorana), Thymus zygis (Spanish variety of Thymus vulgaris) and Origanum vulgare has been carried out against poultry origin strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella essen, and pig origin strains of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), Salmonella choleraesuis and Salmonella typhimurium. Using the broth microdilution method, all the essential oils showed an MIC > or = 2% (v/v) for the two strains of E. coli. The essential oil that showed the highest antimicrobial activity against the four strains of Salmonella was Origanum vulgare (MIC < or = 1% v/v), followed by Thymus zygis (MIC < or =2% v/v). Thymus mastichina inhibited all the microorganisms at the highest concentration, 4% (v/v), while the rest of the essential oils showed highly variable results. By chemotyping, higher inhibitory capacity was observed in the oils with a higher percentage of phenolic components (carvacrol and thymol) in comparison with oils containing the monoterpenic alcohol linalool. The results of this work confirm the antimicrobial activity of some essential oils, as well as their potential application in the treatment and prevention of poultry and pig diseases caused by salmonella.

Please cite this article as: Huerta, B., Maldonado, A., Ginel, P.J., Tarradas, C., Gómez-Gascón, L., Astorga, R.J., Luque, I., Risk factors associated with the antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci in canine pyoderma, Veterinary Microbiology (2008Microbiology ( ), doi:10.1016Microbiology ( /j.vetmic.2011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. peer-00696634, version 1 -13 May 2012 Author manuscript, published in "Veterinary Microbiology 150, 3-4 (2011) 302" DOI : 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011 Page 1 of 19A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t with recurrent pyoderma that had undergone long-term antibiotic treatment (group C). 6Staphylococci were more commonly isolated from the pyoderma-affected than the 7 healthy dogs (p<0.0001). 9Some 78% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent.

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TABLE 1: Counts of M pacyhdermatis (median [log10 colony-forming units/cm2+1] [lower, upper 95 per cent confidence intervals]) from the axillae or groin before (visit 1) and after (visit 2) three weeks of shampoo therapy Visit 1 Visit 2 Reduction in count MC