Bedding‐plane partings, particularly those enlarged by stress relief, tend to provide principal ground‐water flow pathways which are often overlooked. In order to identify them, the use of a proper conceptual model of the bedrock aquifer system and appropriate methods of hydrogeologic characterization are necessary. Several pervasive bedding partings were identified at a study site located within a dipping sequence of mudstone and shales, typical of the Passaic Formation in the Newark Basin of New Jersey. These bedding fractures constitute the discrete aquifer units of a multiunit, leaky bedrock aquifer system. One such unit of exceptional transmissivity (the “Raritan unit”) was identified and selected for a detailed characterization. Results of three short‐duration pumping tests verified the continuity and relatively uniform transmissivity of the Raritan unit over distances exceeding 1,500 feet. Significant hydrochemical differences between the various aquifer units at this 100‐acre site were found to be consistent with the multiunit structure of the bedrock aquifer system. A similar pattern can be observed in regional hydrochemical data recently published by others. The principal finding, that a few bedding fractures dominate ground‐water flow at many sites in the region, has a major implication on hydrogeologic characterization requirements for the water supply, well‐head protection, and aquifer remediation projects in the Newark Basin and similar areas of sedimentary bedrock.
In the EXILL campaign a highly efficient array of high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors was operated at the cold neutron beam facility PF1B of the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) to carry out nuclear structure studies, via measurements of γ-rays following neutron-induced capture and fission reactions. The setup consisted of a collimation system producing a pencil beam with a thermal capture equivalent flux of about 108 n s−1cm−2 at the target position and negligible neutron halo. The target was surrounded by an array of eight to ten anti-Compton shielded EXOGAM Clover detectors, four to six anti-Compton shielded large coaxial GASP detectors and two standard Clover detectors. For a part of the campaign the array was combined with 16 LaBr3:(Ce) detectors from the FATIMA collaboration. The detectors were arranged in an array of rhombicuboctahedron geometry, providing the possibility to carry out very precise angular correlation and directional-polarization correlation measurements. The triggerless acquisition system allowed a signal collection rate of up to 6 × 105 Hz. The data allowed to set multi-fold coincidences to obtain decay schemes and in combination with the FATIMA array of LaBr3:(Ce) detectors to analyze half-lives of excited levels in the pico- to microsecond range. Precise energy and efficiency calibrations of EXILL were performed using standard calibration sources of 133Ba, 60Co and 152Eu as well as data from the reactions 27Al(n,γ)28Al and 35Cl(n,γ)36Cl in the energy range from 30 keV up to 10 MeV.
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