Aims and objectives:To classify the cesarean section (CS) in different groups of Robson's ten-group classification system (TGCS) and comparing the rate and relative size of groups with that of previous year at the tertiary hospital. . The data collected included parity, mode of previous delivery, gestational age, onset of labor-spontaneous or induced, delivery notes of labor ward, and operative notes of CS. This data was then applied to the Robson's TGCS for the year 2014 and compared with that of 2013. Results:The total deliveries during 2014 were 12,930 and in 2013 were 15,182. The number of CSs during 2014 was 3,793 and in 2013 it was 3,917. Cesarean section rate in 2014 was 29.33% while in 2013 it was 25.8%.The CS rate has come down to half in group I (nulliparous, single, cephalic ≥ 37 weeks, in spontaneous labor) and to onefourth in group III [multiparous (excluding previous CS) single, cephalic ≥ 37 weeks, in spontaneous labor] in 2014. Conclusion:Robson's TGCS is easy to classify. Clinical significance:The study showed reduction in CS rate by half in group I and by one-third in group III in 2014 in our institution. This was probably due to the increased awareness among the staff of the institute by the previous year study about higher CS rate.

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Instrumental vaginal deliveries are important procedures. Performed in indicated cases and attending to the well laid criterias will reduce the fetal and maternal morbidity. These assisted instrumental vaginal deliveries help in reducing the caesarean section rate. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and indications of instrumental vaginal deliveries. To know the maternal and fetal outcome in ventouse (vaccum assisted vaginal delivery) and forceps deliveries.

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A B S T R A C T BACKGROUNDAmblyopia means "dullness of vision". There should be a minimum of 2 lines visual acuity fall on Snellen visual acuity chart compared with normal eye. Strabismic amblyopia is defined as amblyopia resulting from strabismic disorder without any other co-existing amblyogenic factors. It is assumed that 2-2.5% population has incidence of amblyopia. Amblyopia causes an important socioeconomic problem, especially in children, since the risk of the amblyopic patient becoming blind is significantly higher than in general population. Among all amblyogenic factors, strabismic disorder plays an important role. Since early diagnosis and proper treatment for eliminating causative factors of amblyopia like strabismus play a pivotal role in preventing in strabismic amblyopia, we wanted to determine the various etiological and clinical factors of strabismic amblyopia in children. METHODSThis observational study was conducted among 135 cases of strabismic amblyopia, over a period of 1 year. Children in the age group of 4-15 years who were diagnosed as strabismic amblyopia after compressive ophthalmic examination, orthoptic evaluation, cycloplegic evaluation and fundus examination were included in the study. Data collected included age, sex, detailed history of delivery and consanguinity with regard to the onset of squint, type of deviations, duration of symptoms, family history of squint and usage of spectacles. RESULTSOut of 135 cases of strabismic amblyopia, 71 cases (53%) were male and 64 cases (47%) were female, esodeviations are more (68%) than exodeviation (16%), unilateral cases are more with large angle of deviations and some cases are associated with severe amblyopia. Stereopsis decreased in more number of cases with esodeviations and few eccentric fixation cases were also noted. All demographic, statistic, etiological and clinical features were statistically analysed and presented. CONCLUSIONSAmblyopia with large angle of esotropia is a common cause for strabismic amblyopia. Subjective visual and psychological functions are altered in these patients compared with normal population. With loss of binocularity, day by activity will be affected seriously and occupational hazards may occur during work. So, early detection and treatment is the key for the prevention of strabismic amblyopia.