Resumen. Producto de la revisión de literatura científica especializada, visitas a colecciones de referencia y trabajo de campo, se presenta el listado de corales pétreos (10 especies), equinodermos (32 especies) y peces (150 especies) que habitan el Parque Nacional Huatulco (PNH). Las 192 especies aquí registradas representan un incremento de ~ 66.9% respecto a estudios previos. En cuanto a otras áreas naturales protegidas (ANP) en México, el PNH alberga una riqueza de especies mayor con relación a las ANP localizadas en el Pacífico central mexicano, aunque debajo de aquella presente en ANP del Caribe y golfo de México. De acuerdo con el análisis de diversidad y variación de la diversidad taxonómica, la representatividad taxonómica de corales y peces del PNH es baja respecto a la fauna de aguas someras del Pacífico tropical americano, en tanto que protege mayoritariamente especies que se encuentran filogenéticamente relacionadas, por lo que es taxonómicamente poco diversa. El manejo del PNH es estratégico para el mantenimiento de las comunidades marinas costeras del sur y centro del Pacífico mexicano, pues representa la
Summary
In spite of their ecological and economic importance, reef fishes from the coast of Oaxaca, Mexico are rarely studied, therefore precluding their management and conservation. In order to identify the set of habitat characteristics/environmental conditions that predict major shifts in fish assemblages in space and time, a stationary census (5′, φ = 5 m) was conducted on a semi‐monthly basis from 2006 to 2009 at patch reefs along the coast. Habitat configuration was gathered using 25 m long point‐intersect transects (data every 25 cm), recording all underlying coral species and substrate characteristics (rocks, sand, algal mats, rubble or dead corals). Recorded were 65 452 fishes grouped in 11 orders, 36 families, 65 genera and 89 species. Labridae (nine species), Pomacentridae (eight species) and Serranidae (seven species) were the most frequent families. Abundance is severely skewed among species; four species Thalassoma lucasanum, Chromis atrilobata, Apogon pacificus and Stegastes acapulcoensis comprise nearly 59% of the fish abundance, 11 species contribute 30%, whereas most of the species (75) can be considered as rare since they contribute <1% each to the total. Species richness and family‐level assemblage composition are similar to those recorded elsewhere in the eastern Pacific. Non‐parametric multivariate analysis of variance demonstrated that changes of diversity metrics might be associated with environmental differences on the scale of hundreds of meters to kilometers, as well as coupled with major changes on oceanographic variables throughout time, exerting meaningful changes on reef‐related fish assemblages.
Desde la década de 1960, se han realizado estudios para comprender el proceso de calcificación que llevan a cabo los corales hermatípicos y conocer los factores que limitan su crecimiento. Wells (1963) determinó que los parámetros de crecimiento coralino guardan una relación directa con las variaciones estacionales en las condiciones ambientales. Calcification of the main reef-building coral species on the Pacific coast of southern Mexico Calcificación de las principales especies de corales constructoras de arrecifes en la costa del Pacífico del sur de México
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