An overview of current measurement techniques on conventional and polarization maintaining single-mode fibers is presented. The various methods have been discussed and classified with respect to the relevant polarization parameters. Applicability ranges and resolution have been pointed out for different types of fibers.

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We have observed and measured two-photon absorption in In1−x−yGaxAlyAs/InP waveguides grown by molecular beam epitaxy over the wavelength range of 1.5–1.65 μm. The values of β2, the two-photon absorption coefficient, were 63 and 20 cm/GW for waveguides of compositions x=0.32, y=0.17 and x=0.15, y=0.31, respectively. These values are comparable with those predicted by scaling laws. We estimate the associated nonlinear refractive index coefficient n2 and discuss the implications for all-optical switching.