In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become the cornerstone of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MSCs can be easily obtained from adult tissues, it is in this area that obtaining and using oral MSCs have become a good source of experimentation. It is not unknown that MSCs have great regenerative power, high proliferative and differentiation capacity and high osteogenic potential. However, they can be affected by multiple external factors. The objective of this article is to describe the effect of tobacco on oral MSCs. Cigarettes and its components are a risk factor for various diseases at the level of the oral cavity, they have many adverse effects on the cellular biology of the mouth, therefore, it is not strange to think about the effect that these components can have on MSCs. of oral origin. The latest studies have shown that nicotine and condensed cigarette smoke have negative biological effects on MSCs, particularly oral ones. Despite the existing literature, it is not entirely clear what are the mechanisms involved in the negative effects of tobacco on oral MSCs and how they could be reversed.