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Dimetilhydrazine (DMH) is a carcinogen currently used to induce bowel neoplasms in rat and mice. In this study we evaluate changes in the endocrine pancreas of animals submitted to the administration of DMH in a protocol of colon cancer induction.A total of 40 wistar male rats, four weeks old were divided into two groups of twenty animals each. The group I was a control group kept with no manipulation. The group II was submitted to the administration of 15mg DMH/Kg twice a week during eight weeks. The animals were sacrificed by the end of the 8th week and a necropsy was performed. The pancreas was collected and processed for histology, stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The section was used for histopathologic evaluation and morphometric analysis of the islets of Langerhans’ areas (La), using SigmaScan Pro®.In the control group (group I) La is 30804.36 ± 13109.6 px and varies between 29020.62 px and 59824.98 px for a 95% confidence interval. The distribution of the La in this group is: VL 0%; L 20,75%; M 58,49%; H 20,75% and VH 0%.In the test group (group II) La is 27367.64 ± 15053.85 px and varies between 25529.84 px and 29205.44 px for a 95% confidence interval. The La distribution in this group is: VL 0%; L 30.93%; M 54.68%; H 7.91% and VH 6.47%.According to these results the endocrine pancreas is a target of DHM and there is a significant decrease in the islets of Langerhans’ area in the sections.

Summary: TS (Turner syndrome) is a genetic disease which affects women caused by complete or partial absence of one of the X chromosomes. This condition is related to an increase in autoimmune diseases incidence like, IBD (inflammatory bowel disease). Material and Methods: a case report of a 31 years old woman with TS hospitalized with two months of prostration, fever, rashes, nausea, vomit and diarrhea. Investigations have shown colonic mucosa inflammation, besides chronic colitis with cryptic microabscess in the anatomopathological evaluation, suggesting IBD as etiology. Treatment with mesalazine was effective in symptoms improvement. Conclusions: TS is a condition frequently associated with autoimmune diseases, including diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as IBDs. Recognition and early treatment of this condition leads to an improvement in the quality of life of these patients and reduces the chances of future complications.