The present study concerns an investigation carried out to determine the effects of gingival stimulation on the resolution of a human experimental gingivitis. 10 young male dental students participated in the experiment. Following the baseline examination (day 0), the participants were instructed to abstain from all oral hygiene procedures during a 21-day period. Heavy plaque accumulation and gingivitis developed during the 21-day induction period. On the evening of the 21st day, active oral hygiene measures were reinstitued, for an 8-day period, using 2 different methods. For the left side of the maxillary arch, a hygiene procedure including gingival stimulation was prescribed. On the other hand, for the right side, a hygiene method without gingival stimulation was instituted. On both sides of the upper arch, the gingival condition was assessed by means of the gingival index, and soft deposits were assessed by the plaque index (selected teeth: 13, 14, 15, 23, 24, 25). Measurements were performed on days 0, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29. On day 29, ideal oral hygiene conditions and gingival health were re-established on both sides. However, a statistical analysis of the data collected during the recovery period revealed that gingival index scores were temporarily, but significantly, higher on the side where mechanical stimulation was performed, although plaque deposits there decreased more rapidly. Thus the present work supports the idea that gingival stimulation does not in any way improve recovery from experimental gingivitis.
The role played by gingival stimulation has not yet been clearly explained. This experiment shows (1) that even with regular stimulation of the gingiva with a toothbrush, gingival inflammation indices (GI and SBI) increase when plaque (determined by PII) accumulates on tooth surfaces; and (2) that if one proceeds to routine plaque elimination from the tooth surfaces, gingival inflammation indices (GI and SBI) increase in the absence of regular mechanical stimulation of the gingiva with a toothbrush. In the latter case, inflammation may be related to plaque accumulation on the gingiva.
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